Brown Bear Phenotypic Plasticity, Alaska, 2013-2016

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Grant V. Hilderbrand (ORCID: 0000-0002-0051-8315)
Publication_Date: 2018
Title: Brown Bear Phenotypic Plasticity, Alaska, 2013-2016
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: spreadsheet
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, AK
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details:
Suggested citation: Grant Hilderbrand, 2018, Brown Bear Phenotypic Plasticity, Alaska 2013-2016: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7MS3R0C.
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7MS3R0C
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: NPS
Originator: USGS
Originator: USFWS
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: Ecological Studies of Alaskan Brown Bears
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Website
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: US Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: https://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=408
Description:
Abstract:
These data are the data for age, skull size, body length, and lean mass for Gates of the Arctic, Lake Clark, Kodiak, and Katmai, Alaska, 2013-2016.
Purpose:
These data are used to determine the growth rates and variation in body size of brown bears across 4 Alaskan brown bear populations.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2013
Ending_Date: 2016
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Lake Clark National Park, Gates of the Arctic National Park, Kodiak Island, Katmai National Park
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -160.00000
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -150.00000
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.00000
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 55.00000
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC161
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: Biota
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Population and community ecology
Theme_Keyword: Phenology
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Biocomplexity Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: animals
Theme_Keyword: mammals
Theme_Keyword: Age
Theme_Keyword: Age composition
Theme_Keyword: Age structure
Theme_Keyword: Population structure
Theme_Keyword: Growth
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA GCMD Earth Science Keywords Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: animals
Theme_Keyword: vertebrates
Theme_Keyword: mammals
Theme_Keyword: carnivores
Theme_Keyword: bears
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: Lake Clark National Park
Place_Keyword: Alaska
Place_Keyword: Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge Alaska
Place_Keyword: Katmai National Park Alaska
Place_Keyword: Gates of the Arctic National Park Alaska
Taxonomy:
Keywords/Taxon:
Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: Integrated Taxonomy Information System
Taxonomic_Keywords: Ursus arctos
Taxonomic_System:
Classification_System/Authority:
Classification_System_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Series_Information:
Series_Name: ITIS
Issue_Identification: TSN 180543
Other_Citation_Details:
http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=180543
Online_Linkage: http://www.itis.gov
Classification_System_Modifications: None
Taxonomic_Procedures:
Species were identified by skilled observers in the field based on general appearance.
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tetrapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Mammalia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Theria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Eutheria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Carnivora
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Suborder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Caniformia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursidae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursus
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: arctos
Applicable_Common_Name: brown bear, grizzly bear
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
It is requested that the authors and the USGS Alaska Science Center be cited for any subsequent publications that reference this dataset. It is strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data to evaluate data set limitations, restrictions or intended use.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Grant V. Hilderbrand
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Position: Chief, Marine Ecosystems Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99508
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Data_Set_Credit:
Dave Gustine, NPS Buck Mangipane, NPS Kyle Joly, NPS William Leacock, USFWS
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Grant V. Hilderbrand
Originator: David D. Gustine
Originator: Buck Mangipane
Originator: Kyle Joly
Originator: William Leacock
Originator: Lindsey Mangipane
Originator: Joy Erlenbach
Originator: Mathew S. Sorum
Originator: Matthew D. Cameron
Originator: Jerrold L. Belant
Originator: Troy Cambier
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:
Body size and lean mass of brown bears across and within four diverse ecosystems
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Journal of Zoology
Issue_Identification: 305
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Wiley Online Library
Publisher: Wiley
Other_Citation_Details:
Hilderbrand, G.V., D. D. Gustine , B. A. Mangipane, K. Joly, W. Leacock, L.S. Mangipane, J. Erlenbach, M.S. Sorum, M.D. Cameron, J.L. Belant, T. Cambier. 2018. Body size and lean mass of brown bears across and within four diverse ecosystems. Journal of Zoology 305: 53–62. doi: 10.1111/jzo.12536
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12536
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The accuracy of each specific attribute is addressed in the attribute section. All calculated values and measured and observed values fell within expected values and were re-assessed if warranted.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Any blank fields reflect samples that were not collected or analyses not conducted for that individual Animal_ID.
Completeness_Report:
Any missing values for HeadWidth, HeadLength, NoseVent, Head total, or Lean mass reflect measurements that were not collected for that animal.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted as there is no spatial component of this data set.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
All measurements were conducted on anesthetized brown bears as part of collaborative research programs. Teeth were extracted from a subset of bears for cementum aging at Mattson's Lab in Milltown, Montana.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Three data sets were created by Grant Hilderbrand from data in the USGS Brown Bear Access Database. The first set includes age estimates of bears based on tooth wear for bears captured multiple times. This data set was used to assess precision of age estimates based on tooth wear. The second set provides age estimates for individual bears based on tooth wear in comparison to estimates based on counting cementum annuli of extracted teeth. The third set includes data on bear age, population, sex, lean body mass, body length, and skull size for individual bears that were used to assess growth rates.
Process_Date: Unknown
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geodetic_Model:
Ellipsoid_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: brownBear_phenotypicPlasticity_agePrecisionData_AK_2014_2016
Entity_Type_Definition: Brown Bear Phenotypic Plasticity, Alaska, 2014-2016
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: BearPop
Attribute_Definition:
Identifies the population to which a bear was assigned based on capture location (GAAR, LACL, KOD, KATM)
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: GAAR
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Gates of the Arctic
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: KATM
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Katmai
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: LACL
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Lake Clark
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: BearNo
Attribute_Definition: Individual number assigned to a bear.
Attribute_Definition_Source:
Sequential numbers assigned through the project. The first number is last digit of calendar year(i.e. 4 = 2014) and second and third numbers are the sequential number of the bears as they were captured (i.e. 01 = the first bear captured that calendar year).
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 15
Range_Domain_Maximum: 15009
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Sex
Attribute_Definition: Sex of individual bear (male or female).
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: F
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sex of individual bear = female
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: M
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sex of individual bear = male
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Year
Attribute_Definition: Calendar year of assessment.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 2014
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2016
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: EstimatedAge
Attribute_Definition: Age in years of bear estimated from tooth wear.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 4
Range_Domain_Maximum: 30
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: years
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 0.26
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation:
0.26 +/- 4.69 (1 SD) was determined by comparing paired estimates from tooth wear to age measured from cementum lab analyses.
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: brownBear_phenotypicPlasticity_ageAccuracyData_AK_2013_2016
Entity_Type_Definition:
Brown Bear Phenotypic Plasticity Age Accuracy, Alaska, 2013-2016
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: BearPop
Attribute_Definition:
Identifies the population to which the bear was assigned based on capture location (GAAR, LACL, KOD, KATM)
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: KATM
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Katmai
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: KOD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Kodiak
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: BearNo
Attribute_Definition: Individual number assigned to bear.
Attribute_Definition_Source:
Sequential numbers assigned through the project. The first number is last digit of calendar year(i.e. 4 = 2014) and second and third numbers are the sequential number of the bears as they were captured (i.e. 01 = the first bear captured that calendar year).
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 56
Range_Domain_Maximum: 553
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Sex
Attribute_Definition: Sex of an individual bear (male or female).
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: F
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sex of individual bear = female
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: M
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sex of individual bear = male
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Year
Attribute_Definition: Calendar year of assessment.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 2013
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2016
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: EstimatedAge
Attribute_Definition: Age in years of bear estimated from tooth wear.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 4
Range_Domain_Maximum: 23
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: years
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 0.26
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation:
0.26 +/- 4.69 (1 SD) was determined by comparing paired estimates from tooth wear to age measured from cementum lab analyses.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: ActualAge
Attribute_Definition:
Bear age in years determined by cementum analyses at Matson's Lab in Milltown MT, USA
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 3
Range_Domain_Maximum: 25
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: years
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 1
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation: Lab accuracy dependent on tooth quality
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: brownBear_phenotypicPlasticity_growthCurvesData_AK_2014_2016
Entity_Type_Definition:
Brown Bear Phenotypic Plasticity Growth Curves, Alaska, 2014-2016
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: BearPop
Attribute_Definition:
Identifies the population to which the bear was assigned based on capture location (GAAR, LACL, KOD, KATM)
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: GAAR
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Gates of the Arctic
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: KATM
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Katmai
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: KOD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Kodiak
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: LACL
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Lake Clark
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Sex
Attribute_Definition: Sex of individual bear (male or female).
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: F
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sex of individual bear = female
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: M
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sex of individual bear = male
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: BearNo
Attribute_Definition: Individual number assigned to bear.
Attribute_Definition_Source:
Sequential numbers assigned through the project. The first number is the last digit of calendar year(i.e. 4 = 2014) and the second and third numbers are the sequential number of the bears as they were captured (i.e., 01 = the first bear captured that calendar year).
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 15
Range_Domain_Maximum: 16009
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: EstimatedAge
Attribute_Definition: Age in years of bear estimated from tooth wear.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 3.5
Range_Domain_Maximum: 30
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: years
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 0.26
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation:
0.26 +/- 4.69 (1 SD) was determined by comparing paired estimates from tooth wear to age measured from cementum lab analyses.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: NoseVent
Attribute_Definition:
Length of the body from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail following the body contour with the bear in sternal recumbancy in cm
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 132
Range_Domain_Maximum: 233
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: cm
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 2
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation: Measurement made with tape measure.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: HeadTotal
Attribute_Definition: Sum of the HeadWidth and HeadLength in cm
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 41
Range_Domain_Maximum: 76
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: cm
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 2
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation: Measurement made with calipers and tape measure.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: LeanMass
Attribute_Definition: Lean mass of individual bear in kg.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 46.36
Range_Domain_Maximum: 243.43
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kg
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 5
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation:
This is a calculation from body mass measurement using an electronic load cell and lean mass estimation from bioelectrial impedance analyses - See Hilderbrand et al 1998 and Farley and Robbins 1994
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99508
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Distribution_Liability:
Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: zip
Format_Information_Content:
Zip file containing the data in CSV file format and FGDC metadata in XML and HTML formats.
File_Decompression_Technique:
Use WinZip, pkUnzip, or other open source or commercially available unzip tool.
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7MS3R0C
Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20220303
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99508
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name:
FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
Generated by mp version 2.9.48 on Thu Jul 12 12:37:20 2018