Digital Elevation Models of Glacier Bay National Park, Between Lituya Bay and Icy Point, Alaska, Derived from Airborne Lidar Data Acquired in September 2015

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Robert C. Witter
Originator: Adam LeWinter
Originator: Craig Glennie
Originator: Darren Hauser
Originator: Adrian Bender
Originator: David Finnegan
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, AK
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested Citation: Witter, R. C., LeWinter, A., Glennie, C., Hauser, D., Bender, A., Finnegan, D., 2017, Digital Elevation Models of Glacier Bay National Park, Between Lituya Bay and Icy Point, Alaska, Derived from Airborne Lidar Data Acquired in September 2015: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7W094D4.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7W094D4
Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Robert C. Witter
Publication_Date: 20071015
Title: Alaska Earthquake Hazards
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: web site
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, AK
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Online_Linkage: https://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=33

Description:

Abstract:

This dataset provides four digital elevation models derived from airborne lidar data acquired over four separate areas along and adjacent to the Fairweather Fault along the remote Gulf of Alaska coast within Glacier Bay National Park. In 1958, the Fairweather Fault in southeast Alaska ruptured over 260 km between Yakutat Bay and Cross Sound, producing the magnitude 7.8 Lituya Bay earthquake. To better understand the extent of surface rupture and identify sites to investigate for evidence of past earthquakes, the USGS Alaska Science Center collaborated with the National Park Service, the Army Corps of Engineers' Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), and the National Center for Airborne Lidar Mapping (NCALM) at the University of Houston to collect over 166 square kilometers of high-resolution airborne lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) data. CRREL developed and deployed the Helipod lidar system, designed for use on a Robinson R44 Raven II helicopter, to acquire more than 34.4 million laser measurements. The measurements have vertical and horizontal accuracies of +/-10 cm. NCALM processed the lidar data to remove laser returns from vegetation and enhance laser returns from the ground surface. The derivative “bare-Earth” data include 1.4 to 2.3 laser returns per square meter, which were used to produce 1-m-per-pixel digital elevation models (DEM) for four areas between Lituya Bay and Icy Point.

Purpose:

The grids in this data release reveal landscape features shaped by coastal, glacial, and tectonic processes that are essential for monitoring the impacts of climate change, determine rates of shoreline migration, and assess the potential for natural hazards. The data therefore contribute to studies of past glacier advance and retreat, mountain building, regional geology, and landscape change driven by glacial rebound and active tectonics. The data also helps in reconstructing the history of past earthquakes, thus improving national seismic hazards assessments.

Supplemental_Information:

Lower resolution (5 m/pixel, IfSAR-based) DEMs that encompass the area surrounding and including the lidar survey area represented by the lidar-based DEMs described here are available at https://nationalmap.gov/3DEP/, http://nationalmap.gov/viewer.html.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Multiple_Dates/Times:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20150912

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20150913

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -137.512417946
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -137.034808453
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 58.606049171
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 58.368961236

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC109

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: elevation
Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA GCMD Earth Science Keywords
Theme_Keyword: Earth Science
Theme_Keyword: Land Surface
Theme_Keyword: Topography
Theme_Keyword: Terrain Elevation
Theme_Keyword: Digital Elevation/Terrain Model (DEM)
Theme_Keyword: Geomorphic Landforms/Processes
Theme_Keyword: Coastal Landforms
Theme_Keyword: Dunes
Theme_Keyword: Estuaries
Theme_Keyword: Headlands/Bays/Cape
Theme_Keyword: Sea Cliffs
Theme_Keyword: Wave-Cut Notch/Platforms
Theme_Keyword: Coastal Processes
Theme_Keyword: Sea Level Changes
Theme_Keyword: Fluvial Landforms
Theme_Keyword: Flood Plain
Theme_Keyword: Stream
Theme_Keyword: Stream Terrace
Theme_Keyword: Fluvial Processes
Theme_Keyword: Downcutting
Theme_Keyword: Sediment Transport
Theme_Keyword: Glacial Landforms
Theme_Keyword: Moraines
Theme_Keyword: Outwash Fans/Plains
Theme_Keyword: Tectonic Landforms
Theme_Keyword: Faults
Theme_Keyword: Mountains
Theme_Keyword: Tectonic Processes
Theme_Keyword: Isostatic Uplift
Theme_Keyword: Orogenic Movement
Theme_Keyword: Tectonic Uplift

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: lidar

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology
Theme_Keyword: Topography
Theme_Keyword: Geospatial Datasets
Theme_Keyword: Land surface characteristics
Theme_Keyword: Tectonic processes

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: Glacier Bay National Park
Place_Keyword: Fairweather Range
Place_Keyword: Crillon Lake
Place_Keyword: South Crillon Glacier
Place_Keyword: Icy Point
Place_Keyword: Finger Glacier
Place_Keyword: Kaknau Creek
Place_Keyword: La Perouse Glacier

Access_Constraints: None.
Use_Constraints:

It is requested that the authors and the USGS Alaska Science Center be cited for any subsequent publications referenced to this dataset. It is strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data to evaluate data set limitations, restrictions or intended use.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99508

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 907-786-7020
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Data_Set_Credit:

The USGS collaborated with the National Park Service, the Army Corps of Engineers' Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), and the National Center for Airborne Lidar Mapping (NCALM) at the University of Houston to collect high-resolution airborne lidar (Light and Distance Ranging) data along a remote stretch of the Gulf of Alaska coast of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Lewis Sharman coordinated scientific research permitting for the Park. Shad O'Neel provided essential help with logistics and coordinating helicopter support. We thank Nic Kinsman of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association for her helpful guidance in transforming the vertical datum of the DEMs.

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Environment as of date of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Build 4959) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A)

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Witter, R. C.
Originator: A. LeWinter
Originator: A. M. Bender
Originator: C. Glennie
Originator: D. Finnegan
Publication_Date: 20170522
Title:

Sculpted by water, elevated by earthquakes-The coastal landscape of Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: poster
Series_Information:

Series_Name: USGS General Information Product
Issue_Identification: 177

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested Citation: Witter, R.C., LeWinter, A., Bender, A., Glennie, C., and Finnegan, D., 2017, Sculpted by water, elevated by earthquakes—The coastal landscape of Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 177, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip177.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/gip177

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

The raster file attributes are elevation values gridded in 1 square meter pixels. The gridded elevation values are derived from final laser (lidar) returns, which located elevation values and horizontal positions within +/-10 cm based on post-processing described in "process steps". The 1 m/pixel gridded lidar-based elevations agree with spatially overlapping elevation values housed in radar (IfSAR)-based digital elevation models comprising elevation values gridded in 5 square meter pixels.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Anomalous point elevation values were removed using spike and sink removal algorithms, and holes in the data within the 1 m/pixel resolution were repaired during kriging-based final raster generation.

Completeness_Report:

These DEMs are derived from the last-return lidar point clouds, and omit other laser return points (e.g., from vegetation cover), to represent the bare earth topographic surface of four lidar survey areas along the Fairweather Fault within Glacier Bay National Park.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Laser (lidar) returns located elevation values and horizontal positions within +/-0.10 meters based on post-processing described in "process steps".

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory

Publication_Date: 20160216
Title: CRREL_20150912-13
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: LAS point cloud files
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
Publisher: Geospatial Repository and Data Management System (GRiD)

Online_Linkage: https://griduc.rsgis.erdc.dren.mil/griduc

Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20160216

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: CRREL_20150912-13
Source_Contribution:

Source lidar point cloud data used to generate the digital elevation models, openly served at lidar.io in LAS format.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

AIRCRAFT SURVEY - The Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), a research arm of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, designed and built a custom HeliPod for deployment on a Robinson R44 Raven II helicopter, operated by Alpine Air Alaska. The system employs a Riegl VQ-480i online-waveform scanner in combination with an iXBlue Atlans-C IMU. CRREL and University of Houston personnel installed the system, and Alpine Air Alaska made necessary aircraft modifications certified by the Federal Aviation Administration. R. Witter specified the area of interest; A. LeWinter acquired data in the field; D. Finnegan is the point of contact at CRREL.

Process_Date: 20150912

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

GROUND CONTROL - A single GPS ground control station was deployed near the beach at a site north of La Perouse Glacier (58.495975°, -137.359781°).

Process_Date: 20150912

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

DATA PROCESSING--D. Hauser of NCALM processed data in the field. C. Glennie and D. Hauser performed additional post-processing using Riegl software and Terrasolid for final classification of the point cloud and derivation of the DTMs described here.

Process_Date: 20150913

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

We used the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration online vertical datum transformation tool VDATUM (https://vdatum.noaa.gov/) to transform the DEMs from NAD83(2011 Epoch 2010.00)/GRS80 ellipsoid heights to NAVD88 orthometric heights using geoid model GEOID12B.

Process_Date: 20170426

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
Row_Count: 25505
Column_Count: 27005
Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 8
Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -135.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
False_Easting: 500000.0
False_Northing: 0.0

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 1
Ordinate_Resolution: 1

Planar_Distance_Units: Meter

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_North_American_1983
Ellipsoid_Name: GRS80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Altitude_System_Definition:

Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
Altitude_Resolution: 1
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Attribute Table
Entity_Type_Definition:

Table containing attribute information associated with the data set.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Definition:

Elevation in meters relative to the NAVD88 orthometric elevation model.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 4
Range_Domain_Maximum: 807

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99508

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 907-786-7020
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Resource_Description: Authoritative source for data.
Distribution_Liability:

Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: Winzip
Format_Version_Number: 19.0
Format_Information_Content:

Data package contains four DEMs in GeoTIFF format, a readme file, an index map in PNG format, metadata in XML and HTML formats.

File_Decompression_Technique: No compression applied
Transfer_Size: 764

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7W094D4

Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data set.

Technical_Prerequisites:

It is recommended that a native GEOTIFF viewer (e.g., ERDAS ER Viewer) be used to view the DTMs.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20201125
Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99508

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 907-786-7020
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Digital Elevation Models of Glacier Bay National Park, Between Lituya Bay and Icy Point, Alaska, Derived from Airborne Lidar Data Acquired in September 2015

Metadata: