Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Shad O'Neel (ORCID: 0000-0002-9185-0144)
Originator: Daniel McGrath (ORCID: 0000-0002-9462-6842)
Originator: Gabriel J. Wolken
Originator: Erin N. Whorton (ORCID: 0000-0002-1395-3084)
Originator: Salvatore G. Candela
Originator: Louis C. Sass (ORCID: 0000-0003-4677-029X)
Originator: Christopher J. McNeil (ORCID: 0000-0003-4170-0428)
Originator: Emily H. Baker (ORCID: 0000-0002-0938-3496)
Originator: Erich H. Peitzsch (ORCID: 0000-0001-7624-0455)
Originator: Daniel B. Fagre (ORCID: 0000-0001-8552-9461)
Originator: Adam M. Clark (ORCID:0000-0002-8863-1434)
Originator: Caitlyn E. Florentine (ORCID: 0000-0002-7028-0963)
Originator: Zachary S. Miller (ORCID:0000-0002-6876-6710)
Originator: John Erich Christian
Originator: Knut Christianson
Originator: Esther L. Babcock (ORCID: 0000-0001-7665-7795)
Originator: Michael G. Loso
Originator: Anthony A. Arendt
Originator: Evan W. Burgess
Originator: Alessio Gusmeroli
Publication_Date: 201807
Title: Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: collection
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers
Issue_Identification: ver 3.0, March 2022

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested Citation: O'Neel, S., McGrath, D., Wolken, G.J., Whorton, E.N., Candela, S.G., Sass, L.C., McNeil, C.J., Baker, E.H., Peitzsch, E.H., Fagre, D.B., Clark, A.M., Florentine, C.E., Miller, Z.S., Christian, J.E., Christianson, K., Babcock, E.L., Loso, M.G., Arendt, A.A., Burgess, E.W., Gusmeroli, A., 2018, Raw ground penetrating radar data on North American Glaciers (ver 3.0, March 2022): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M043G7

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M043G7
Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2012
Title: Ground Penetrating Radar on North American Glaciers
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: website
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Alaska Science Portal
Issue_Identification: 384

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

This is a link to the broader USGS Alaska Science Center research project supported by these data. Users will find a description of the research project and links to associated reports, publications, and data products.

Online_Linkage: https://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=384

Description:

Abstract:

U.S. Geological Survey researchers conducted time-series ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys with a Sensors and Software 500-MHz Pulse Ekko Pro system. This data release contains ground-based (ski and snowmobile) as well as airborne common-offset profiles. All profiles are linked to coincident GPS observations. Additionally, common-midpoint data was collected at specific glacier locations. Coincident in-situ data may provide calibration information, and may be composed of any of the following: snow pits and/or snow-pit/snow-core combinations, probe profiles, and ablation stake data. This supplemental information provides estimates of snow properties which may be used to calibrate radar velocity.

Purpose:

We obtained data to estimate snow thickness on select North American glaciers to complement U.S. Geological Survey research efforts including local and regional scale mass-balance modeling. The purpose of this body of work is to monitor glacier change over time and to provide insights into glacier systems.

Supplemental_Information:

Collection parameters varied within datasets. Additional information regarding parameters and settings included with these data (.HD files).

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2012
Ending_Date: 2020

Currentness_Reference: observed

Status:

Progress: In work
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -152.308
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -113.749
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 63.489
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 48.616

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC135

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: GeoscientificInformation

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA GCMD Earth Science Keyword Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Cryosphere
Theme_Keyword: Glaciers/Ice Sheets
Theme_Keyword: Glaciers
Theme_Keyword: Ablation Zones/Accumulation Zones
Theme_Keyword: Spectral/Engineering
Theme_Keyword: Radar
Theme_Keyword: Radar Imagery

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS CSA Biocomplexity Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Glaciology
Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology
Theme_Keyword: Geology
Theme_Keyword: Remote Sensing

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Glaciology
Theme_Keyword: Snow and ice cover
Theme_Keyword: Glaciation
Theme_Keyword: Metamorphism (geological)
Theme_Keyword: Geophysics
Theme_Keyword: Radar imaging

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Electromagnetic Data
Theme_Keyword: GPR
Theme_Keyword: geophysics
Theme_Keyword: Glaciology
Theme_Keyword: GPR
Theme_Keyword: ground-penetrating radar

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: Alaska
Place_Keyword: Montana
Place_Keyword: Bear Glacier
Place_Keyword: Chenega Glacier
Place_Keyword: Columbia Glacier
Place_Keyword: Eagle Glacier
Place_Keyword: East Fork Glacier
Place_Keyword: Eklutna Glacier
Place_Keyword: Eureka Glacier
Place_Keyword: Exit Glacier
Place_Keyword: Gilkey Glacier
Place_Keyword: Gulkana Glacier
Place_Keyword: Harris Glacier
Place_Keyword: Lake George Glacier
Place_Keyword: Llewellyn Glacier
Place_Keyword: Lemon Creek Glacier
Place_Keyword: Maclaren Glacier
Place_Keyword: Matanuska Glacier
Place_Keyword: Nelchina Glacier
Place_Keyword: Norris Glacier
Place_Keyword: Powell Glacier
Place_Keyword: Scott Glacier
Place_Keyword: South Cascade Glacier
Place_Keyword: Sperry Glacier
Place_Keyword: Surprise Glacier
Place_Keyword: Susitna Glacier
Place_Keyword: Taku Glacier
Place_Keyword: Tazlina Glacier
Place_Keyword: Tulsequah Glacier
Place_Keyword: Valdez Glacier
Place_Keyword: West Fork Glacier
Place_Keyword: Wolverine Glacier
Place_Keyword: Yale Glacier

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

It is requested that the authors and the U.S. Geological Survey be cited for any subsequent publications that reference the data in this collection.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Data_Set_Credit:

University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2018
Title: U.S. Geological Survey Glaciers and Climate Project
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: website
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Online
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details: USGS glaciers program website
Online_Linkage:

https://www2.usgs.gov/landresources/lcs/glacierstudies/default.asp

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

We did not conduct any formal attribute accuracy tests. Quality of ground-penetrating radar data depends on signal-to-noise ratio, number of bad traces, and other data attributes. The user must assess these attributes on a case-by-case basis.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

We did not conduct any formal attribute accuracy tests. All of the profiles are linked to coincident GPS observations. Coincident in-situ data is provided for calibration, and may be composed of any of the following: snow pits and/or snow-pit/snow-core combinations, probe profiles, and ablation stakes. This supplemental information may provide snow property estimates for radar velocity calibration.

Completeness_Report:

Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. We include all of the collected data even though some of the data may not be interpretable depending on intended use.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

We did not conduct any formal positional accuracy tests. Qualitatively, the positional accuracy is +/- 1 meter horizontally and +/- 3 meters vertically. Vertical GPS position for airborne data references the helicopter position not the ground surface.

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

We conducted ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys with a 500-MHz Pulse Ekko Pro sensors and software system. We collected common-offset data from the ground, towed behind a researcher using a snowmobile, and from the air, strapped underneath a helicopter. We also collected common-midpoint data at specific glacier locations. All the profiles are linked to coincident GPS observations. Coincident in-situ data may provide calibration information, and may be composed of any of the following: snow pits and/or snow-pit/snow-core combinations, probe profiles, and ablation stakes. This supplemental information may provide estimates of snow properties to calibrate radar velocity.

Process_Date: Unknown

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Coincident in-situ data was collected for calibration and may be composed of any of the following: snow pits and/or snow-pit/snow-core combinations, probe profiles, and ablation stakes. This supplemental information provides estimates of snow properties to calibrate radar velocity.

Process_Date: Unknown

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Resource_Description:

The U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center is the authoritative source and distributor of the data within this collection.

Distribution_Liability:

Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes or on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: website
Format_Information_Content:

The Ground Penetrating Radar data collection website provides an index to access the data in the collection.

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M043G7

Fees: None

Technical_Prerequisites:

Proprietary files are hosted here for compactness, but can be viewed and processed using a number of freely available applications. These include Matlab GPR, available at http://users.uoa.gr/~atzanis/matgpr/matgpr.html and GPRSoft viewer, available at https://www.geoscanners.com/gprsoft.html Python, R, Octave, or other publicly available data software can be used to display the data visually.

Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers

Metadata: