Lidar Point Cloud Data of Nogahabara Sand Dunes, Alaska; September 2015

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Benjamin M. Jones (ORCID: 0000-0002-1517-4711)
Originator: Carson A. Baughman (ORCID: 0000-0002-0423-9324)
Originator: Chris F. Larsen
Publication_Date: 201706
Title:
Lidar Point Cloud Data of Nogahabara Sand Dunes, Alaska; September 2015
Edition: 1
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, AK
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Jones, B. M., Baughman, C. A., Larsen C. F., 2017, Lidar Point Cloud Data of Nogahabara Sand Dunes, Alaska; September 2015: U.S. Geological data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QF8RB7.
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QF8RB7
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Benjamin M. Jones
Originator: Chris F. Larsen
Publication_Date: 2015
Title: Nogahabara Sand Dunes LIDAR Survey
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Website
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, AK
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Online_Linkage: http://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=373
Description:
Abstract:
This dataset provides information needed to reproduce a digital model of the Nogahabara Dune Field located in interior Alaska. The Nogahabara Dunes represent one of three active inland dune fields found in Alaska today. In an effort to update geospatial coverage of the dunes lidar data was collected over Nogahabara Sand Dunes in September 2015 using a 1955 Cessna 180 aircraft equipped with a Riegl brand LMS-Q240i laser scanner. The scanner was set to 10,000 laser shots per second and a +/- 30 degree beam sweep and flown over the Koyukuk National Wildlife Refuge’s Nogahabara sand dunes. The flight pattern was designed for 50 percent overlap between each adjacent swath to achieve 2 points per square meter over the entire coverage. The lidar scanner was rigidly attached to a OXTS brand Inertial+2 GPS/IMU unit, which was being fed by a Trimble R7 GPS receiver. The resultant survey achieved 1.4 points per square meter. Discrete-return point cloud data are available in the LAS format.
Purpose:
Lidar data was collected to produce a high resolution (1.4 points per square meter), baseline, geospatial dataset. Potential application includes describing and cataloging dune surface features, characteristics, and extent as of September 2015. Data will also be used to quantify dune response to local fire disturbance and global climate change.
Supplemental_Information:
We provide the lidar discrete-return point cloud data in the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) LAS format. The LAS format is a standardized binary format for storing 3-dimensional point cloud data and point attributes along with header information and variable length records specific to the data. The files contain millions of data points individually attributed with x (longitude), y (latitude) and z (elevation) points.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Multiple_Dates/Times:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20150901
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20150902
Currentness_Reference: observed
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Lidar data was collected for the Nogahabara Sand Dunes as identified on USGS 1:63,360 scale topographic maps as well as a 0.5 - 3 km buffer area surrounding the active dunes.
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.632
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.248
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 65.748
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 65.621
Bounding_Altitudes:
Altitude_Minimum: -991.120
Altitude_Maximum: 528.400
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC114
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA Master Directory of Earth Science Keywords
Theme_Keyword: Biosphere
Theme_Keyword: Terrestrial Ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Land Surface
Theme_Keyword: Topography
Theme_Keyword: Terrain Elevation
Theme_Keyword: Ecological Dynamics
Theme_Keyword: Fire Ecology
Theme_Keyword: Fire Dynamics
Theme_Keyword: Active Remote Sensing
Theme_Keyword: Light Detection and Ranging
Theme_Keyword: Lidar
Theme_Keyword: Remote sensing
Theme_Keyword: Airborne sensing
Theme_Keyword: Aerial surveys
Theme_Keyword: Employing equipment carried by low flying aircraft
Theme_Keyword: Dunes
Theme_Keyword: Dunelands
Theme_Keyword: Second order fire effects
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: elevation
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificinformation
Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: Nogahabara Sand Dunes
Place_Keyword: Koyukuk National Wildlife
Place_Keyword: Refuge
Place_Keyword: Koyukuk Wilderness
Place_Keyword: Huslia
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
It is requested that the authors and the USGS Alaska Science Center be cited for any subsequent publications that reference this dataset. It is strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data to evaluate data set limitations, restrictions or intended use.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Dr.
City: Anchoragee
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907) 786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Security_Information:
Security_Classification_System: None
Security_Classification: Unclassified
Security_Handling_Description: None
Native_Data_Set_Environment: Riegl RiProcess software
Analytical_Tool:
Analytical_Tool_Description: suggest Riegl RiProcess
Tool_Access_Information:
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The LAS files contain points attributed with horizontal coordinates and elevation values. The positional attributes are accurate to within 0.08 meters. However elevation precision is 1 cm in the z plane.
Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:
Attribute_Accuracy_Value: +/- 8 cm
Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation:
Accuracy for this system, assessed separately over boresight tests on a repeated, regularly scheduled maintenance program give +/- 8 cm (1 standard deviation) in x, y and z. Boresight calibration was performed just prior to this campaign.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
No points (anomalous or otherwise) have been excluded from this data set.
Completeness_Report: No data omitted.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Accuracy for the lidar system, assessed separately over boresight tests on a repeated, regularly scheduled maintenance program give +/- 8 cm (1 standard deviation) in x and y plane. Boresight calibration was performed just prior to this campaign.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
AIRCRAFT SURVEY - Chris Larsen with the University of Alaska Fairbanks employed his personal aircraft and lidar assembly consisting of a Riegl LMS-Q240i rigidly attached to a OxTS Inertial+2 GPS/IMU, which was being fed by a Trimble R7. This assembly is housed within the aircraft and operates through a camera port installed in the belly of the aircraft. The aircraft used was a 1955 Cessna 180, flown at 350 to 450 meters above ground elevation. B. Jones specified the area of interest. C. Larsen acquired data in the field.
Process_Date: Unknown
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Chris Larsen
Contact_Organization: University of Alaska Fairbanks
Contact_Position: Research Professor
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing
Address: Geophysical Institute
Address: 903 Koyukuk Dr.
Address: University of Alaska Fairbanks
City: Fairbanks
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99775-7320
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-474-5333
Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 907-474-5333
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: chrislarsen.ak@gmail.com
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
GROUND CONTROL - A GPS station placed in the dune field itself served as the kinematic base. Approximate location was 65.677045°, -157.420022°. The coordinates for this base station were found using OPUS (report attached). The trajectory of the aircraft was found using this base station position and data. GPS data at the base station and the rover (aircraft) receivers were recorded at 5 hz. Both receivers were Trimble R7 and collected dual frequency L1/L2 data. The kinematic processing was done using Novatel’s Grafnav software. Precise antenna models were used in the processing (Zephyr Geodetic for the base and Sensor Systems L1/L2 for the aircraft).
Process_Date: 201509
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Chris Larsen
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: physical
Address: Geophysical Institute
Address: 903 Koyukuk Dr.
Address: University of Alaska Fairbanks
City: Fairbanks
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99775-7320
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-474-5333
Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 907-474-5333
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: chrislarsen.ak@gmail.com
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
DATA PROCESSING - The output from Novatel’s Grafnav kinematic processing was used to post processing the IMU data and blending of the raw recorded inertial data with the precise post processed GPS positioning. This final trajectory solution was then input to Riegl RiProcess software, which generated the lidar point cloud results. The resultant dataset achieved 1.4 points per square meter.
Process_Date: 201509
Cloud_Cover: 50
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 0.0174532925199433
Longitude_Resolution: 0.0174532925199433
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Ellipsoid_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
Altitude_Resolution: 0.01
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method:
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Dr.
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99504
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907) 786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Resource_Description: Source for authoritative copy of data
Distribution_Liability:
Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: LAS
Format_Version_Date: 2016
File_Decompression_Technique: No compression applied
Transfer_Size: 3602.02148
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QF8RB7
Fees: None
Technical_Prerequisites:
We recommend that a native LAS viewer (e.g., Quick Terrain Reader, ArcGIS, or GRASS ) be used to view the point clouds.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20201125
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Dr.
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: AK
Postal_Code: 99508
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907) 786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Security_Information:
Metadata_Security_Classification_System: Undefined
Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified
Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: Undefined

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