Influenza A Antibodies in Pacific (Gavia pacifica), Red-throated (G. stellata), and Yellow-billed Loons (G. adamsii) in Alaska, 2008-2017

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Uher-Koch, B.D. (ORCID: 0000-0002-1885-0260)
Publication_Date: 20190618
Title:
Influenza A Antibodies in Pacific (Gavia pacifica), Red-throated (G. stellata), and Yellow-billed Loons (G. adamsii) in Alaska, 2008-2017
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska (USA)
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Uher-Koch, B.D. 2019. Influenza A antibodies in Pacific (Gavia pacifica), Red-throated (G. stellata), and Yellow-billed Loons (G. adamsii) in Alaska, 2008-2017. U.S. Geological Survey data release. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YVG9ME
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YVG9ME
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Examining the role of migratory birds in the movement of avian pathogens between and within continents
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: website
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Alaska Science Portal
Issue_Identification: 321
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, AK
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Other_Citation_Details:
This is a link to the broader USGS Alaska Science Center research project supported by these data. Users will find a description of the research project and links to associated reports, publications, and data products.
Online_Linkage: https://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=321
Description:
Abstract:
This data set contains three spreadsheets with results of Influenza A Virus (IAV) screening in blood from Pacific, Red-throated, and Yellow-billed Loons at three locations in Alaska. Loons were captured along the Beaufort Sea Coast, Chukchi Sea Coast, and Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta from 2008-2017. Three different tests were used and the results are presented in separate spreadsheets. All serum samples were screened for IAV antibodies using a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA). A subsample were screened using agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), and hemagglutination inhibition assays (HI).
Purpose:
These data provided the basis to: 1) determine seroprevalence of Influenza A Viruses (IAV) in nesting Pacific, Red-throated, and Yellow-billed Loons, and 2) identify potential sources of exposure based on subtype-specific IAV antibodies detected in loons.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2008
Ending_Date: 2017
Currentness_Reference: observed
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Samples were collected at the following three areas in Alaska: 1) on the Chipp and Colville River Deltas along the Beaufort Sea Coast, 2) on the Bering Land Bridge National Preserve and near Point Lay along the Chukchi Sea Coast, and 3) near the mouth of the Manokinak River on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta.
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -166.16
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -139.33
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 71.38
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 60.67
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC214
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: Biota
Theme_Keyword: Health
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA GCMD Earth Science Keywords
Theme_Keyword: Earth Science
Theme_Keyword: Biological Classification
Theme_Keyword: Animals/Vertebrates
Theme_Keyword: Birds
Theme_Keyword: Loons
Theme_Keyword: Viruses
Theme_Keyword: Biosphere
Theme_Keyword: Ecological Dynamics
Theme_Keyword: Species/Population Interactions
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Biocomplexity Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Birds
Theme_Keyword: Aquatic birds
Theme_Keyword: Migratory birds
Theme_Keyword: Animal diseases
Theme_Keyword: Viral diseases
Theme_Keyword: Virology
Theme_Keyword: Viruses
Theme_Keyword: Influenza
Theme_Keyword: Avian influenza
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NIH MeSH Keywords Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Diagnosis
Theme_Keyword: Immunologic techniques
Theme_Keyword: Serologic tests
Theme_Keyword: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Theme_Keyword: Hemagglutination inhibition tests
Theme_Keyword: Serology
Theme_Keyword: Virus diseases
Theme_Keyword: Bird diseases
Theme_Keyword: Influenza in birds
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Life sciences
Theme_Keyword: Pathology
Theme_Keyword: Health and disease
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife disease
Theme_Keyword: Plant and animal testing
Theme_Keyword: Birds
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: State of Alaska
Place_Keyword: North Slope
Place_Keyword: Beaufort Sea
Place_Keyword: Chipp River
Place_Keyword: Colville River Delta
Place_Keyword: Bering Land Bridge National Preserve
Place_Keyword: Chukchi Sea
Place_Keyword: Kasegaluk Lagoon
Place_Keyword: Point Lay
Place_Keyword: Manokinak River
Taxonomy:
Keywords/Taxon:
Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Taxonomic_Keywords: Multiple species
Taxonomic_Keywords: Animals
Taxonomic_Keywords: Vertebrates
Taxonomic_Keywords: Birds
Taxonomic_Keywords: Pacific Loon
Taxonomic_Keywords: Yellow-billed Loon
Taxonomic_Keywords: Red-throated Loon
Taxonomic_Keywords: Viruses
Taxonomic_Keywords: Influenza A virus
Taxonomic_System:
Classification_System/Authority:
Classification_System_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Series_Information:
Series_Name: ITIS
Issue_Identification: TSN 174470, 174474, 174475
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: online
Publisher: ITIS-North America
Other_Citation_Details:
Details of loon taxonomy were retrieved October 10, 2018, from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System online database: http://www.itis.gov
Online_Linkage: https://www.itis.gov
Classification_System/Authority:
Classification_System_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: online
Publisher: International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
Other_Citation_Details:
Details of influenza A virus taxonomy were retrieved March 6, 2019, from the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses online database https://talk.ictvonline.org/
Online_Linkage: https://talk.ictvonline.org/
Taxonomic_Procedures:
Avian species were identified by skilled observers in the field based on general appearance of feathers and plumage, behavior, and vocalizations. Influenza A viruses were identified by bELISA and Hemagglutination Inhibition assays
Taxonomic_Completeness:
Taxonomy is complete for all samples. No voucher specimens were collected.
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Life
Taxon_Rank_Value: Life
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bilateria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Deuterostomia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gnathostomata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tetrapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Aves
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gaviiformes
Applicable_Common_Name: Loons
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gaviidae
Applicable_Common_Name: Loons, Divers
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gavia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gavia pacifica
Applicable_Common_Name: Pacific Loon
Applicable_Common_Name: Pacific Diver
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN 174475
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gavia adamsii
Applicable_Common_Name: Yellow-billed Loon
Applicable_Common_Name: White-billed Diver
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN 174470
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gavia stellata
Applicable_Common_Name: Red-throated Loon
Applicable_Common_Name: Red-throated Diver
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN 174474
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: viruses
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Negarnaviricota
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Polyploviricotina
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Insthoviricetes
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Articulavirales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Orthomyxoviridae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Alphainfluenzavirus
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Influenza A virus
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
It is requested that the authors and the USGS Alaska Science Center be cited for any subsequent publications that reference this dataset.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Uher-Koch, B.D. (ORCID: 0000-0002-1885-0260)
Originator: Spivey, T.J. (ORCID:0000-0003-2735-2770)
Originator: Van Hemert, C.R. (ORCID: 0000-0002-6858-7165)
Originator: Schmutz, J.A. (ORCID: 0000-0002-6516-0836)
Originator: Jiang, K.
Originator: Wan, X.F.
Originator: Ramey, A.M. (ORCID: 0000-0002-3601-8400)
Publication_Date: 2019
Title:
Serologic evidence for influenza A virus exposure in three loon species breeding in Alaska
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Journal of Wildlife Diseases
Issue_Identification: 55(4)
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Wildlife Disease Association
Other_Citation_Details:
Uher-Koch, B.D., T.J. Spivey, C.R. Van Hemert, J.A. Schmutz, K. Jiang, X.F. Wan, and A.M. Ramey. 2019. Serologic evidence for influenza A virus exposure in three loon species breeding in Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 55(4): doi:10.7589/2018-06-165
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.7589/2018-06-165
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Individual sample ID's, species identification, age, collection dates, and sampling locations were cross-checked and verified to match field data. We observed sterile techniques in the handling of all blood samples. bELISA plates each included a negative control sample to account for background absorbance by reagents. For quality assurance and quality control, we performed replicate bELISA assays on 15% of samples.
Logical_Consistency_Report: Attribute values fall within expected ranges.
Completeness_Report:
No data were omitted and there are no missing data. For agar gel immunodiffusion and hemagglutinin assays, we selected a subset of serum samples with a range of sample-to-negative control(S/N) values, including both those deemed positive (<0.50) and those negative (>=0.50) by bELISA. Our selections were restricted by available sera volume. Due to limited serum volume, we tested only one avian influenza A virus strain for each hemagglutinin subtype.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
Blood Collection. All birds were live-captured on their breeding areas (June-August); 3-5 ml of whole blood was drawn from the jugular vein.
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
Serum Collection: Whole blood was drawn into either additive-free or EDTA-treated evacuated tubes. Tubes were kept cool until they could be centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5-15 minutes on the day of collection. Serum was removed and aliquoted into cryovials and stored at 20°C in the field and then -80°C upon receipt in the lab.
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:
bELISA Assay: Serum samples were screened for antibodies to influenza A virus (IAV) using a commercially available blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA; AI MultiS-Screen Avian Influenza Virus Antibody Test Kit; IDEXX Laboratories, Westbrook, Maine, USA) following the manufacturer's instructions. Results of the bELISA assays indicate the relative concentration of antibodies in the sample. Negative control samples were also tested. Per the manufacturer’s recommendation, we used a sample-to-negative control (S/N) ratio of 0.5 as a cutoff for interpretation of results, with any value <0.50 considered positive for IAV antibodies.
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:
Hemagglutination Inhibition assays: To provide inference regarding assay sensitivity and specificity relative to the bELISA assay and further to identify hemagglutinin (HA) subtype-specific antibodies for comparison among taxa, a subset of serum samples was also analyzed by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay against 15 hemagglutinin subtypes (H1–H14, H16) of influenza A viruses (IAV). Due to limited serum volume, we tested only one avian IAV strain of each HA subtype; we assumed that the antigenic diversity of low pathogenic avian IAVs in wild birds is limited and that those tested would be representative of a diversity of viruses within these 15 HA subtypes. We selected a subset of serum samples with a range of sample-to-negative control (S/N) ratios, including both those deemed IAV positive (<0.50) and those negative (>=0.50) by bELISA. Our selections were restricted by available sera volume. To minimize nonspecific agglutination, the serum sample was mixed with 10% turkey red blood cells (RBCs) in a volume ratio 1:1 (Kistler et al 2015) and incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes. After centrifugation, the serum was collected without disturbing packed turkey RBCs. In the HI assay, 0.5% turkey RBCs were used; serum samples were determined to be positive against a specific virus if the HI titer was >=1:40 (Hobson et al 1972) or suspect-positive if the HI titer was 1:10 or 1:20.
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:
AGID Assay: A subset of serum samples were screened for antibodies to influenza A viruses using agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay standard procedures (Swayne et al 2008). Standard avian influenza immunodiffusion positive and negative reference serum were used from the USDA National Veterinary Services Laboratory. We interpreted visually apparent precipitation bands as negative or positive (which included both strong positive and weak positive samples).
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kistler W.M.
Originator: Stallknecht D.E.
Originator: Deliberto T.J.
Originator: Van Why K.
Originator: Yabsley M.J.
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:
Subtype-specific influenza A virus antibodies in Canada geese (Branta canadensis)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Veterinary Microbiology
Issue_Identification: 177
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Elsevier
Other_Citation_Details:
Kistler, W.M., Stallknecht, D.E., Deliberto, T.J., Van Why K., Yabsley M.J. 2015. Subtype-specific influenza A virus antibodies in Canada geese (Branta canadensis). Veterinary Microbiology 177: 296-301. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.03.021
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.03.021
Type_of_Source_Media: journal article
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2015
Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Kistler et al 2015
Source_Contribution:
Source for lab technique. Use of turkey red blood cells in hemagglutination inhibition assay.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Hobson D.
Originator: Curry R.
Originator: Beare A.
Originator: Ward-Gardner A.
Publication_Date: 1972
Title:
The role of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody in protection against challenge infection with influenza A2 and B viruses
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Epidemiology and Infection
Issue_Identification: 70
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Other_Citation_Details:
Hobson, D., Curry, R., Beare, A., Ward-Gardner, A. 1972. The role of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody in protection against challenge infection with influenza A2 and B viruses. Epidemiology and Infection 70: 767-777. doi:10.1017/S0022172400022610
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022172400022610
Type_of_Source_Media: journal article
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1972
Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Hobson et al 1972
Source_Contribution:
Source for titer ratios used to determine influenza A virus exposure.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Swayne, D.E.
Originator: Senne, D.A.
Originator: Suarez, D.L.
Publication_Date: 2008
Title: Influenza
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: book chapter
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Isolation and identification of avian pathogens
Issue_Identification: 2008
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Athena, Georgia
Publisher: American Association of Avian Pathologists
Other_Citation_Details:
Swayne, D.E., Senne, D.A., Suarez, D.L. 2008. Influenza. In: Isolation and identification of avian pathogens, Dufour-Zavala L., Swayne, D.E., Glisson, J.R., Pearson, J.E., Reed, W.M., Jackwood, M.W., Woolcock, P.R., editors. American Association of Avian Pathologists, Athens, Georgia. ISBN:0978916328
Type_of_Source_Media: book chapter
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2008
Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Swayne et al 2008
Source_Contribution:
Source for agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay standard procedures.
Process_Step:
Process_Description: Field notes were transcribed into electronic spreadsheets.
Process_Date: Unknown
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Following laboratory analysis, results were inspected and samples were classified as positive or negative for influenza A virus exposure.
Process_Date: Unknown
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference:
Study area names indicate the three coastal regions represented in this study (Beaufort Sea Coast, Chukchi Sea Coast, and Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta).
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: loons_influenzaA_bElisa_alaska_uherKoch_2008_2017
Entity_Type_Definition:
Table containing sampling information and results of bELISA test for influenza A viruses in three loon species in Alaska. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table.
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Sample_ID
Attribute_Definition:
Individual identifier for each laboratory sample analyzed. Identifiers represent metal-band numbers, satellite transmitter numbers, or nest numbers. Sample_IDs in this table coincide with Sample_IDs in the other tables included in this data package.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Unique identifier: the system of sample naming was determined by data collectors to fit their recording needs for each species, period, and location.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Species
Attribute_Definition:
The species code for the loon species associated with each sample. Alphabetic ("alpha") codes are abbreviations of English or scientific bird developed by IBP (Institute for Bird Populations). The set of four-letter (for English common names) and six-letter (for scientific names) species alpha codes reflect current American Ornithologists Union (AOU) taxonomy and nomenclature in their check-list (AOU 1998) and subsequent supplements (AOU 2000-2017). These codes are required by USGS, Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center for all banding and marking studies.
Attribute_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: PALO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pacific Loon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: YBLO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Yellow-billed Loon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: RTLO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Red-throated Loon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Age
Attribute_Definition: Age class as determined in the field by trained observers.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: ATY
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
After Third Year. A bird known to have hatched two years prior to the year of banding, now in at least its fourth calendar year of life. Example: Banded 1997 - Hatched 1994 or earlier.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: HY
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Hatch Year. A bird known to have hatched during the current calendar year.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Study_Area
Attribute_Definition: Study area where the sample was collected.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: BSC
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Beaufort Sea Coast
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: CSC
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Chukchi Sea Coast
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: YKD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Year_Collected
Attribute_Definition: The year the sample was collected.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 2008
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2017
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Year
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Sample_ABS
Attribute_Definition:
Raw bELISA result. Spectrophotometer reading of blue wave light absorbance (650 nm) from Sample (measured as Optical Density; a measure with no units). This is a measure of antibody concentration as produced by this commercially available bELISA test kit.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.10
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.52
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Neg_Ctrl
Attribute_Definition:
Negative Control Absorbance. Raw bELISA result. Spectrophotometer reading of blue wave light absorbance (650 nm) of Negative Control (measured as Optical Density; a measure with no units). This is a measure of background absorbance as produced by this commercially available bELISA test kit.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.13
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.48
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: S_N_ratio
Attribute_Definition:
Ratio of Sample Absorbance/Negative Control Absorbance. This is an index of antibody concentration controlled for background absorbance.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.08
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.05
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Result
Attribute_Definition:
Whether bELISA tests indicate the presence of antibodies to influenza A virus. We used a sample-to-negative control (S/N) ratio of 0.5 as a cutoff for interpretation of results, with any value <0.50 considered positive for Influenza A Virus antibodies, per the manufacturer’s recommendation.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pos
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Sample positive for the presence of antibodies to influenza A virus; sample-to-negative control (S/N) ratio <0.50.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Neg
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Sample negative for the presence of antibodies to influenza A virus; sample-to-negative control (S/N) ratio >=0.50.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: loons_influenzaA_hemagglutinInhibit_alaska_uherKoch_2008_2017
Entity_Type_Definition:
Table containing results of hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) test for influenza A viruses in three loon species in Alaska. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table.
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Sample_ID
Attribute_Definition:
Individual identifier for each laboratory sample analyzed. Identifiers represent metal-band numbers, satellite transmitter numbers, or nest numbers. Sample_IDs in this spreadsheet coincide with Sample_IDs in the other spreadsheets included in this data package.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Unique identifier: the system of sample naming was determined by data collectors to fit their recording needs for each species, period, and location.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Species
Attribute_Definition:
The species code for the loon species associated with each sample. Alphabetic ("alpha") codes are abbreviations of English or scientific bird developed by IBP (Institute for Bird Populations). The set of four-letter (for English common names) and six-letter (for scientific names) species alpha codes reflect current American Ornithologists Union (AOU) taxonomy and nomenclature in their check-list (AOU 1998) and subsequent supplements (AOU 2000-2017). These codes are required by USGS, Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center for all banding and marking studies.
Attribute_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: PALO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pacific Loon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: YBLO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Yellow-billed Loon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: RTLO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Red-throated Loon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Age
Attribute_Definition: Age class as determined in the field by trained observers.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: ATY
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
After Third Year. A bird known to have hatched two years prior to the year of banding, now in at least its fourth calendar year of life. Example: Banded 1997 - Hatched 1994 or earlier.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: HY
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Hatch Year. A bird known to have hatched during the current calendar year.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Study_Area
Attribute_Definition: Study area where the sample was collected.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: BSC
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Beaufort Sea Coast
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: CSC
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Chukchi Sea Coast
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: YKD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Year_Collected
Attribute_Definition: The year the sample was collected.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 2008
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2017
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Year
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H1N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H1N2. Virus isolate A/mallard/Ohio/11OS2073/2011.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H1 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 640
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer = 640; serum sample considered positive for H1 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H2N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H2N2. Virus isolate A/mallard/Iowa/10OS2721/2010.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H2 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H3N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H3N2. Virus isolate A/mallard/Wisconsin/A00661712/2009.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Authored defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H3 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H4N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H4N2. Virus isolate A/herring gull/Iceland/3831/2014.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H4 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer = 10; serum sample considered suspect-positive for H4 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H5N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H5N2. Virus isolate A/mallard/Illinois/3974/2009.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H5 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 40
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer = 40; serum sample considered positive for H5 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H6N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H6N2. Virus isolate A/mallard/Wisconsin/10OS3066/2010.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer of less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H6 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H7N3
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H7N3. Virus isolate A/mallard/RI/A00449368/2009.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H7 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H8N4
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H8N4. Virus isolate A/American black duck/Nova Scotia/02043/2007.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H8 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H9N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H9N2. Virus isolate A/mallard/Ohio/13OS3856/2013.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H9 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer = 10; serum sample considered suspect-positive for H9 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H10N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H10N2. Virus isolate A/mallard/Missouri/14OS4111/2014.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H10 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H11N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H11N2. Virus isolate A/mallard/Ohio/11OS2213/2011.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H11 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1280
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer = 1280; serum sample considered positive for H11 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H12N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H12N2. Virus isolate A/mallard/Ohio/09OS2904/2009.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H12 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H13N6
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H13N6. Virus isolate A/black-legged kittiwake/Quebec/02838-1/2009.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H13 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H14N2
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H14N2. Virus isolate A/northern shoveler/Mississippi/12OS456/2012.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H14 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: H16N3
Attribute_Definition:
Influenza A virus subtype H16N3. Virus isolate A/herring gull/Iceland/4549/2014.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <10
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Titer less than 10; serum sample considered negative for H16 hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibody.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: HI_Result
Attribute_Definition:
Whether any of the hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibodies tested indicate influenza A virus exposure.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pos
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Sample showed a positive result for at least one of the hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibodies tested.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Neg
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Sample showed no positive or suspect-positive results for any of the hemagglutinin subtype-specific antibodies tested.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: loons_influenzaA_agid_uherKoch_alaska_2008_2017
Entity_Type_Definition:
Table containing results of an agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test for influenza A viruses in three loon species in Alaska. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table.
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Sample_ID
Attribute_Definition:
Individual identifier for each laboratory sample analyzed. Identifiers represent metal-band numbers, satellite transmitter numbers, or nest numbers. Sample_IDs in this spreadsheet coincide with Sample_IDs in the other spreadsheets included in this data package.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Unique identifier: the system of sample naming was determined by data collectors to fit their recording needs for each species, period, and location.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Species
Attribute_Definition:
The species code for the loon species associated with each sample. Alphabetic ("alpha") codes are abbreviations of English or scientific bird developed by IBP (Institute for Bird Populations). The set of four-letter (for English common names) and six-letter (for scientific names) species alpha codes reflect current American Ornithologists Union (AOU) taxonomy and nomenclature in their check-list (AOU 1998) and subsequent supplements (AOU 2000-2017). These codes are required by USGS, Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center for all banding and marking studies.
Attribute_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: PALO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Pacific Loon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: YBLO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Yellow-billed Loon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: RTLO
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Red-throated Loon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:
Institute for Bird Populations http://www.birdpop.org/docs/misc/Alpha_codes_eng.pdf
USGS Bird Banding Laboratory, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Patuxent, Maryland
American Ornithologists Union (1998). AOU Check-list of North American Birds. Seventh Edition. http://www.americanornithology.org/content/checklist-north-and-middle-american-birds
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Age
Attribute_Definition: Age class as determined in the field by trained observers.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: ATY
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
After Third Year. A bird known to have hatched two years prior to the year of banding, now in at least its fourth calendar year of life. Example: Banded 1997 - Hatched 1994 or earlier.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: HY
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Hatch Year. A bird known to have hatched during the current calendar year.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Study_Area
Attribute_Definition: Study area where the sample was collected.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: BSC
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Beaufort Sea Coast
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: CSC
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Chukchi Sea Coast
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: YKD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Year_Collected
Attribute_Definition: The year the sample was collected.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 2008
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2017
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Year
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Result
Attribute_Definition:
Whether serum sample was determined to be infected with Influenza A Virus using agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test. Precipitation bands were interpreted as negative or positive.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pos
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Sample infected with Influenza A Virus; precipitation bands interpreted as positive.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Neg
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Sample not infected with Influenza A Virus; precipitation bands interpreted as negative.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Resource_Description: Authoritative source for access to these data.
Distribution_Liability:
Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: Zip
Format_Version_Number: 19.0
Format_Information_Content:
Zip file containing the data in CSV file format and the FGDC metadata in XML and HTML formats
File_Decompression_Technique: Winzip legacy compression applied
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YVG9ME
Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20201125
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name:
FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999

Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Tue Jun 18 18:46:24 2019