Oceanographic Profile Data from Glacier Fjords of Alaska, 2004-2011

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Mayumi Arimitsu (ORCID: 0000-0001-6982-2238), U.S. Geological Survey research ecologist

Originator: John Piatt, U.S. Geological Survey research wildlife biologist
Originator:

Brielle Heflin, U.S. Geological Survey biological science technician

Publication_Date: 2017
Title:

Oceanographic Profile Data from Glacier Fjords of Alaska, 2004-2011

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, AK
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

Please cite this dataset as: Arimitsu, M.L., Piatt, J.F., Heflin, B.H. 2017.Oceanographic Profile Data from Glacier Fjords of Alaska, 2004-2011: U.S. Geological Survey data release, http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7K072DR

Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7K072DR
Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: John Piatt, U.S. Geological Survey research wildlife biologist
Publication_Date: 2016
Title: Seabirds and Forage Fish Ecology Program
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: website
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Online_Linkage: https://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=385
Online_Linkage:

https://alaska.usgs.gov/science/biology/seabirds_foragefish/foragefish/

Description:

Abstract:

This dataset contains physical oceanographic data within four fjords in the coastal area of the Gulf of Alaska. Data were collected with a Seabird Electronics conductivity-temperature-depth profiler equipped with external sensors and a water sampler. Glacier runoff provides a link between terrestrial systems and nearshore coastal processes, whereby freshwater input influences the physical oceanographic properties and circulation of fjords (Arimitsu et al. 2016).

Purpose:

These data were collected to understand the physical oceanographic conditions in marine waters adjacent to tidewater glaciers in fjords of Alaska.

Supplemental_Information:

The overarching goal of this work was to compare and contrast the influence of glacier runoff on fjord ecosystems across the Gulf of Alaska. We sought to 1) describe the magnitude and horizontal range of influence of key near-surface physical characteristics associated with glacial runoff in coastal marine waters, and 2) characterize the distribution and response of lower- to upper-trophic level organisms relative to glacially influenced habitat gradients. This dataset is one of several types of data collected concurrently, including physical (conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD), nutrients) and biological (zooplankton, fish and marine birds) variables from the same sampling locations (detailed in project metadata).

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2004
Ending_Date: 2011

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

College Fjord, Harriman Fjord, Icy Bay, Yakutat Bay, Glacier Bay, Alaska

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -148.39062
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -135.9295
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 61.2325
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 58.39271

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC78

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: biota
Theme_Keyword: oceans

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Biocomplexity Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: sensors
Theme_Keyword: conductivity
Theme_Keyword: temperature
Theme_Keyword: salinity
Theme_Keyword: turbidity
Theme_Keyword: depth

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Seabird Electronics
Theme_Keyword: Conductivity-temperature-depth profiler
Theme_Keyword: photosynthetically active radiation

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: Gulf of Alaska
Place_Keyword: Glacier Bay
Place_Keyword: Icy Bay
Place_Keyword: Yakutat Bay
Place_Keyword: Prince William Sound
Place_Keyword: Alaska

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

It is requested that the authors and the USGS Alaska Science Center be cited for any subsequent publications that reference this dataset. It is strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data to evaluate data set limitations, restrictions or intended use. It is the responsibility of the user to use the data appropriately and consistent with the limitations of the data in general and these data in particular.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Mayumi Arimitsu
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: research ecologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000

Data_Set_Credit:

Acknowledgements - This work was possible because of funding and support from U.S. Geological Survey, Ecosystems Mission Area, Environments Program, Glacier Bay National Park, and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. L. Eisner, N. Hillgruber, G. Eckert, M. Romano, A. Allyn, D. Irons, E. Madison and B. Heflin were instrumental during the planning, data collection and processing phase. We thank Captain Greg Snedgen (USGS R/V Alaskan Gyre) and Dan Foley (F/V Steller) along with their crews. We also appreciate help in the field from J. Douglas, G. Drew, J. King, N. Naslund, L. Nussman, L. Parker, E. Piatt, J. Reum, S. Scott, and K. Weersing. Use of trade names does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. government.

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

The original data is stored as comma separated text files and is also made available in this format for dissemination.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Mayumi Arimitsu (ORCID: 0000-0001-6982-2238)
Originator: John Piatt
Originator: Franz Mueter
Publication_Date: 2016
Title:

Influence of glacier run off on ecosystem structure in Gulf of Alaska fjords

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Other_Citation_Details: Marine Ecology Progress Series
Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps11888

Analytical_Tool:

Analytical_Tool_Description:

Data was processed through the Seabird Electronics data processing software according to manufacturer recommendations. Data is averaged into one meter bins at depth.

Tool_Access_Information:

Online_Linkage: http://www.seabird.com/software/software
Tool_Access_Instructions: http://www.seabird.com/software/software

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

The quality of all data and metadata are reviewed by the USGS as part of its standard internal procedures for quality control and quality assurance. These data represent the output from the Seabird Electronics software following manufacturer guidelines. Bad data, flagged by the software or through careful examination of outliers, were omitted from the dataset. Hydrographic sensors were calibrated by the manufacturer's within 14 months of sampling.

Logical_Consistency_Report: NA
Completeness_Report:

These data were collected in different locations and different years, the data set is complete, any variation in equipment or methods amongst years/location are noted.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Latitude and longitude coordinates were obtained from a commercially available Garmin GPS with a resolution to within ± 4 m.

Lineage:

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:

Chla and inorganic nutrients were sampled with a water sampler near the surface and at 10 m depth (or at surface and 8 m in GLBA), and oceanographic conditions were sampled with a Seabird Electronics SBE25 (GLBA) or SBE19 (PWS and IBYAK) conductivity-temperature-depth profiler (CTD) equipped with sensors to measure in situ temperature, salinity, chla (WetStar WET Labs), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, LI-193 Spherical Quantum Sensor), and beam attenuation (C-Star WET Labs). Chla samples were processed by filtering 68 ml of sample water through GFF filters that were kept in dark conditions and frozen immediately.

Methodology_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Arimitsu, M.L., Piatt, J.F., Litzow, M.A., Abookire, A.A., Romano, M.D., Robards, M.D.

Publication_Date: 2008
Title:

Distribution and spawning dynamics of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in Glacier Bay, Alaska: a cold water refugium.

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: paper: doi:10.1111/j.1365-2419.2008.00470.x
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Fish Oceanography
Publisher: 17, 137–146

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Data is backed up from the CTD to a computer after every cast using Seabird Electronics software. Data is processed through the Seabird Electronics data processing software according to manufacturer recommendations (http://www.seabird.com/software/software). Data is averaged into one meter bins at depth and checked for outliers. Files from each year were combined so all data is stored in a single file. This data comes from different CTD instruments over the collection years.

Process_Date: Unknown

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

CHLA is processed using an acetone extraction and laboratory fluorometry of discreet depth chla samples for calibration of in situ fluorometer values (Arimitsu et al. 2008).

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Indirect_Spatial_Reference:

The only spatial information in this data set is the named locations for the sampling stations.

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Ellipsoid_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 299.257223563

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: CTD_glacier_fjords_AK_2004_2011_data.csv
Entity_Type_Definition:

Conductivity-temperature-depth profile data from Glacier Bay 2004, Prince William Sound 2010, and Icy Bay Yakutat Bay 2011. Each record (row) represents one binned meter in the water column, the data values are averaged for that one meter.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: station
Attribute_Definition: station reference number
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: text field

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: date
Attribute_Definition: date of data collection
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 6/22/2004
Range_Domain_Maximum: 7/20/2011
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: date - mm/dd/yyyy

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: time
Attribute_Definition: time of data collection
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 00:00:01
Range_Domain_Maximum: 23:59:59
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: AK standard time - hh:mm:ss

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: latitude
Attribute_Definition: latitudinal coordinates of data collection
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 58.39271
Range_Domain_Maximum: 61.2325
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: longitude
Attribute_Definition: longitudinal coordinates of data collection
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -135.9295
Range_Domain_Maximum: -148.39062
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: PrSM
Attribute_Definition: pressure
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 303
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: db (depth in meters - binned into 1 meter increments)

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: TimeS
Attribute_Definition: time elapsed
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: seconds passed since the CTD has been turned on

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: T090C
Attribute_Definition: temperature
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 2.0555
Range_Domain_Maximum: 15.5335
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees Celsius

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sal00
Attribute_Definition: salinity
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 4.2404
Range_Domain_Maximum: 32.5989
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: PSU

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Par
Attribute_Definition:

photosynthetically active radiation/ Irradiance, Biospherical/Licor

Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2096.6
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: quanta/cm2*sec

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Bat
Attribute_Definition: Beam attenuation, Chelsea/Seatech/Welab CStar
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.1539
Range_Domain_Maximum: 56.1372
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: 1/m

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Xmiss
Attribute_Definition: Beam transmission, Chelsea/Seatech/Welab CStar
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 96.2259
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: %

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: COS_per_m
Attribute_Definition: conductivity
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.481515
Range_Domain_Maximum: 3.65199
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: S/m

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sigmat00
Attribute_Definition: density
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 3.3406
Range_Domain_Maximum: 25.7004
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: kilograms/meters^3

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: chla_mgm3
Attribute_Definition: chlorophyll a concentration
Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Alaska Science Center
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.090681799
Range_Domain_Maximum: 26.39842
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: mg/m^3

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

This data set contains date, time, CHLA, and CTD data from College Fjord, Harriman Fjord, Icy Bay, Yakutat Bay, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Data field include: station, date, time, latitude, longitude, PrSM, TimeS, T090C, Sal00, Par, Bat, Xmiss, C0S_per_m, Sigma_t00, chla_mgm3 at 1 meter increments.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: NA

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Resource_Description: CTD_glacier_fjords_AK_2004_2011_data.csv
Distribution_Liability:

Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: zip
Format_Information_Content:

Zip file containing the data in CSV file format and FGDC metadata in XML and HTML formats.

File_Decompression_Technique:

Use WinZip, pkUnzip, or other open source or commercially available unzip tool.

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7K072DR

Fees: None

Oceanographic Profile Data from Glacier Fjords of Alaska, 2004-2011

Metadata: