Data Used to Compare Photo-Interpreted and IfSAR-Derived Maps of Polar Bear Denning Habitat for the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 2006-2016

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Durner, G. M. (ORCID: 0000-0002-3370-1191)
Originator: Atwood, T. C. (ORCID: 0000-0002-1971-3110)
Publication_Date: 20180507
Title:

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:

Series_Name:

Mapping Data of Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) Maternal Den Habitat, Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska

Issue_Identification: ver 2.0, November 2021

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested Citation: Durner, G. M., Atwood T. C., 2018, Mapping data of Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) maternal den habitat, Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska (ver 2.0, November 2021): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7DJ5DXT

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7DJ5DXT
Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Publication_Date: 1984
Title:

Understanding and Forecasting the Response of Polar Bear Populations to a Rapidly Diminishing Sea Ice Environment

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: website
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Alaska Science Portal
Issue_Identification: 16

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

This is a link to the broader USGS Alaska Science Center research project supported by these data. Users will find a description of the research project and links to associated reports, publications, and data products.

Online_Linkage: https://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=16

Description:

Abstract:

These are geospatial data that characterize the distribution of polar bear denning habitat in the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska. They were generated to compare the efficacy of two different techniques for identifying areas with suitable den habitat: (1) from a previously published study (Durner et al., 2006) that used manual interpretation of aerial photos and (2) from computer interrogation of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IfSAR) digital terrain models. Two datasets are included in this data package, they are both vector geospatial datasets of putative denning habitat (one dataset each for the manual photo interpretation data and the computer interpreted IfSAR data). Additionally included are: vector data used for sampling and metadata describing the IfSAR-derived digital terrain model (DTM) tiles used to generate the shapefiles. The IfSAR DTM are available for purchase through Intermap Technologies, Inc. All vector data are provided in both ESRI shapefile and Keyhole Markup Language (KML) formats.

Purpose:

To qualitatively compare the proximity of polar bear denning habitat estimated by manual photo-interpretation and computer interrogation of IfSAR data.

Supplemental_Information:

This dataset is part of a USGS data release that includes three vector geospatial datasets of putative polar bear denning habitat from: (1) National Petroleum Reserve - Alaska (NPR-A), (2) the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, and (3) the eastern Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska between the Colville River and the Alaska/Canada border. Each dataset was derived at different times, with different objectives, and different techniques (documented in the respective metadata records). They have been available separately from the U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center. They are collected here for distribution in a single data release.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2006
Ending_Date: 2016

Currentness_Reference: observed

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Not planned

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska
Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -146.16
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -141.00
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.13
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 69.25

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC178

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: Biota
Theme_Keyword: Environment

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA GCMD Earth Science
Theme_Keyword: Animals/Vertebrates
Theme_Keyword: Mammals
Theme_Keyword: Carnivores
Theme_Keyword: Bears
Theme_Keyword: Species life history
Theme_Keyword: Terrestrial ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Land surface
Theme_Keyword: Topography

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS CSA Biocomplexity Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Marine mammals
Theme_Keyword: Habitat selection
Theme_Keyword: Denning behavior
Theme_Keyword: Reproductive behavior

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife
Theme_Keyword: Tundra ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Remote sensing
Theme_Keyword: IfSAR
Theme_Keyword: Aerial photography

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Polar Bear
Theme_Keyword: Ursus maritimus
Theme_Keyword: Denning habitat
Theme_Keyword: Photo-derived
Theme_Keyword: Interferometric synthetic aperture radar

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: Alaska
Place_Keyword: Beaufort Sea
Place_Keyword: Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: North Slope

Taxonomy:

Keywords/Taxon:

Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Taxonomic_Keywords: Animals
Taxonomic_Keywords: Mammals
Taxonomic_Keywords: Polar Bear

Taxonomic_System:

Classification_System/Authority:

Classification_System_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: online database
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: ITIS-North America

Other_Citation_Details:

Taxonomic details retrieved October 15, 2021, from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System online database https://www.itis.gov

Online_Linkage: https://www.itis.gov

Taxonomic_Procedures:

Polar den sites bears were identified by skilled observers in the field.

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bilateria
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Deuterostomia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gnathostomata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Superclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tetrapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Mammalia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Theria
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Eutheria
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Carnivora
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Suborder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Caniformia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursidae
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursus
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursus maritimus
Applicable_Common_Name: Polar Bear
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN 180542

Access_Constraints:

None for federal data. The DTM data cannot be distributed by U.S. Geological Survey, however the data are available for purchase from the vendor, Intermap Technologies, Inc.

Use_Constraints:

It is requested that the authors and the USGS Alaska Science Center be cited for any subsequent publications that reference this dataset.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Native_Data_Set_Environment: ESRI ArcMap 10.4 GIS application; Windows 10 OS
Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Durner, G.M.
Originator: Atwood, T.C.
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:

A comparison of photo-interpreted and IfSAR-derived maps of polar bear denning habitat for the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open File Report
Issue_Identification: 2018-1083

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

Durner, G.M. and Atwood, T.C. 2018. A comparison of photo-interpreted and IfSAR-derived maps of polar bear denning habitat for the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska: U.S Geological Survey, Open-File Report 2018–1083, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181083

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181083

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Durner, G.M.
Originator: Simac, K.
Originator: Amstrup, S.C.
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:

Mapping polar bear maternal denning habitat in the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska with an IfSAR digital terrain model

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Arctic
Issue_Identification: 66(2):197–206

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Arctic Institute of North America

Other_Citation_Details:

Durner, G.M., Simac, K., Amstrup, S.C. 2013. Mapping polar bear maternal denning habitat in the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska with an IfSAR digital terrain model. Arctic 66(2):197–206 doi:10.14430/arctic4291

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4291

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Durner, G.M.
Originator: Amstrup, S.C.
Originator: Ambrosius, K.J.
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:

Polar bear maternal den habitat in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Arctic
Issue_Identification: 59(1):31-36

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Arctic Institute of North America

Other_Citation_Details:

Durner, G.M., Amstrup, S.C., Ambrosius, K.J. 2006. Polar bear maternal den habitat in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska: Arctic 59(1):31−36 doi:10.14430/arctic361

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic361

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Canning River (146° W) to the Canadian border (141° W): 91.5% of bank denning habitats on the ANWR coastal plain were correctly identified. Thirty-two of 38 known dens were within 145 m of mapped den habitat (Durner et al 2006).

Logical_Consistency_Report: Attribute values fall within the expected range.
Completeness_Report:

Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Positional accuracy of line data is 32.0 m with a standard deviation of ±29.2 m. This is based on ground-truthing of that data collected in the early 2000's (Durner et al 2006). The IfSAR tiles had a horizontal cell dimension of 5 × 5 m (1.25 m root mean square error, or RMSE) and a vertical cell resolution of 0.01 m (1.0 m RMSE) and provided in overlapping 15 × 15 minute (latitude × longitude) tiles in UTM projection. IfSAR data were provided as a digital terrain model (DTM) by removing buildings and vegetation so that the final elevation data represented a closer approximation to the true surface of Earth. The IfSAR polygons were not ground-truthed in this study. The assumed accuracy is based on an IfSAR-based study done in NPR-A (Durner et al 2013).

Lineage:

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:

Distributions of polar bear denning habitat were derived from empirical data collected at den sites. Landscape features at polar bear maternal den sites were quantified by revisiting polar bear maternal den sites during the snow-free season by small, motorized boat or by flying to each site in a Bell 206 L helicopter. We recorded slope of the habitat at the den site; length of the hypotenuse of the habitat feature (straight-line distance from the top to the bottom of the feature, following the slope of the feature); and slope of landscape above and below the den site. We also recorded whether the habitat feature was stable (generally vegetated and non-sloughing), active (with sloughing due to river currents or wave action), or partially stable (with incomplete sloughing). Landscape and vegetation characteristics above, below, and at the den site were also recorded. Height of the feature was either measured at the site or calculated as the side of a right triangle. Hypotenuse length was determined with a fiberglass measuring tape. Slope was measured with an inclinometer. Aspect (averaged to cardinal points) and slope were recorded in degrees.

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:

Vector line data shapefiles of denning habitat generated from past research (Durner et al 2006) were used to depict the distribution of linear denning habitat in the 1002 Area. High-resolution color aerial photographs (scale: 1 cm = 178.6 m) were examined for den habitat. Photos were taken in 1981 with a certified cartographic camera (15.4 cm focal length), along east/west transects between the Canning River and the Canadian border, from a twin-engine turbocharged aircraft (Cessna 320, Cessna 310, or Piper Aztec) flown at 2743 m above mean terrain level. All photos were provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Den habitat was located on the photos with a pocket stereoscope and by interpretation of vegetation patterns. Linear features that showed elevation changes of 1 m or more were annotated on photos. Human-made landscape features, as well as sand dunes and pingos, were not mapped because their orientation and exposure to prevailing winds generally preclude sufficient snow accumulation. Once identified on photos, den habitat was digitized and transferred to 1:63360 base maps as line features through computer-aided drafting (Durner et al 2018). The final format was provided as ARCVIEW shapefiles (ESRI, Redlands, California) and Keyhole Markup Language (KML) files.

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:

Vector polygon denning habitat within the 1002 Area was identified by computer interrogation of IfSAR-derived digital terrain models via a moving window analysis in a geographic information system (GIS), following the methods of Durner et al. (2013).

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:

The proximity of putative photo-interpreted denning habitat and IfSAR-derived denning habitat were assessed using distance tools in a GIS. Differences were qualitatively compared as a histogram with frequencies by 200 m distance bins (Durner et al. 2013).

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Durner, G.M.
Originator: Amstrup, S.C.
Originator: Ambrosius, K.J.
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:

Polar bear maternal den habitat in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Arctic
Issue_Identification: 59(1):31-36

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Arctic Institute of North America

Other_Citation_Details:

Durner, G.M., Amstrup, S.C., Ambrosius, K.J. 2006. Polar bear maternal den habitat in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska: Arctic 59(1):31−36 doi:10.14430/arctic361

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic361

Type_of_Source_Media: publication
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2006

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Durner et al 2006
Source_Contribution: Describes techniques to identify den habitat

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Durner, G.M.
Originator: Simac, K.
Originator: Amstrup, S.C.
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:

Mapping polar bear maternal denning habitat in the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska with an IfSAR digital terrain model

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Arctic
Issue_Identification: 66(2):197–206

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Arctic Institute of North America

Other_Citation_Details:

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4291

Type_of_Source_Media: publication
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2013

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Durner et al 2013
Source_Contribution: Describes techniques to identify den habitat

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Durner, G.M.
Originator: Atwood, T.C.
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:

A comparison of photo-interpreted and IfSAR-derived maps of polar bear denning habitat for the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open File Report
Issue_Identification: 2018-1083

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181083

Type_of_Source_Media: publication
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2018

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Durner et al 2018
Source_Contribution:

Describes techniques to identify den habitat and compare methods

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Publication_Date: 2010
Title: Alaska National Wildlife Refuge Boundaries (polygon features)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Type_of_Source_Media: online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2010

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: ANWR 1002 Area Boundary
Source_Contribution:

Area 1002 boundary of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, extracted from the Alaska National Wildlife Refuge Boundaries dataset published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). The Alaska National Wildlife Refuge Boundaries dataset is no longer available online. However, highly similar boundary data are available from the USFWS Geospatial Services at https://www.fws.gov/gis/data/national

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Intermap Technologies, Inc.
Publication_Date: 2016
Title: DTM
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data

Type_of_Source_Media: Raster Digital Terrain Model (DTM)
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2016
Ending_Date: 2018

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: IfSAR
Source_Contribution:

IfSAR-derived digital terrain models for use in generating denning habitat data.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Publication_Date: 1981
Title:

Canning River and Canadian Border High Resolution Color Aerial Photographs

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: aerial photograph

Type_of_Source_Media: photographic print
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 1981

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Aerial Photographs
Source_Contribution:

High-resolution color aerial photographs (scale: 1 cm = 178.6 m) used to derive denning habitat data. Photos were taken in 1981 with a certified cartographic camera (15.4 cm focal length), along east/west transects between the Canning River and the Canadian border, from a twin-engine turbocharged aircraft (Cessna 320, Cessna 310, or Piper Aztec) flown at 2743 m above mean terrain level. All photos were provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

IfSAR-derived digital terrain model raster data were used to generate the shapefiles depicting the distribution of vector polygons of denning habitat in the 1002 Area. We created a provisional polar bear denning habitat map from the DTM by extracting each 5 × 5 m cell with an elevation difference of 1.3 m or more between it and at least one of the eight adjacent cells. We used a moving-window analysis implemented through commands from the GRID module of ARC/INFO (ver. 9.2, ESRI, Redlands, California) to interrogate DTM tiles for cells that met our criterion of maternal denning habitat. When this initial map was compared to GPS locations of eight previously identified maternal den sites in the 1002 Area, we found that the denning habitat at one den site was not detected. To ensure that our provisional map included known polar bear den sites, we performed a second extraction of the DTM by identifying each cell with an elevation difference of 1.0 m or more between it and at least one of the eight adjacent cells. This 1.0 m selection criterion ensured that our provisional map identified denning habitat at all known den sites. We used this provisional map to field test against actual landscape features so that we could further refine the polar bear denning habitat map. DTM cells identified as potential denning habitat were converted to an ARC/INFO vector coverage of polygons. To smooth the border across adjoining cells and to connect cells that were separated from the main group of identified cells, we applied a 5 m buffer to the outside margin of all clusters of adjoining cells and non-adjacent cells. This buffer allowed us to recognize landscape features composed of cells that were near but not directly adjacent to each other and to group them into a single polygon of denning habitat.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: ANWR 1002 Area Boundary
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: IfSAR
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Aerial Photographs
Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Map_Projection:

Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area
Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:

Standard_Parallel: 55.0
Standard_Parallel: 65.0
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -154.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 50.0
False_Easting: 0
False_Northing: 0

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 1
Ordinate_Resolution: 1

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System (GRS) 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: anwr1002_USFWS_500m_ext
Entity_Type_Definition:

Vector geospatial file with one polygon delineating the 1002 boundary of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge with a 500m seaward extension. Attribute file provides size data for the 1002 boundary of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Presented in both ESRI shapefile (SHP) and Keyhole Markup Language (KML) formats.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: AREA
Attribute_Definition: Area of each den habitat segment.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 6837009920
Range_Domain_Maximum: 6837009920
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Square meters

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: PERIMETER
Attribute_Definition: Perimeter of each den habitat segment.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 458992
Range_Domain_Maximum: 458992
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ANWR1002C5
Attribute_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Unique identifying number.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ANWR1002_1
Attribute_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Unique identifying number.

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: pb_denhab_IfSARderived_1002_area
Entity_Type_Definition:

Vector geospatial file with polygons delineating putative denning habitat identified using IfSAR-derived digital terrain models within the 1002 boundary of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Attribute file provides size data for putative denning habitat segments. Presented in both ESRI shapefile (SHP) and Keyhole Markup Language (KML) formats.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: AREA
Attribute_Definition: Area of each den habitat segment.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.245717835613
Range_Domain_Maximum: 5459233.86401
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Square meters

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: PERIMETER
Attribute_Definition: Perimeter of each den habitat segment.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 2.44845743268
Range_Domain_Maximum: 83054.1210875
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: SAR21_48_
Attribute_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 2
Range_Domain_Maximum: 204622

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: SAR21_48_I
Attribute_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 204621

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: GRID_CODE
Attribute_Definition:

Code to distinguish a IfSAR-derived polar bear maternal denning habitat polygon from a IfSAR-derived landscape polygon that is not polar bear maternal denning habitat

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

IfSAR-derived landscape polygon that is polar bear maternal denning habitat.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

IfSAR-derived landscape polygon that is polar bear maternal denning habitat.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: -9999
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

IfSAR-derived landscape polygon that is not polar bear maternal denning habitat

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: NEAR_FID
Attribute_Definition:

Automatically generated ArcInfo assigned internal number of the photo-derived polar bear maternal denning habitat line nearest to a IfSAR-derived polar bear maternal denning habitat polygon.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 4458

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: NEAR_DIST
Attribute_Definition:

Distance between a IfSAR-derived polar bear maternal denning habitat polygon and the nearest photo-derived polar bear maternal denning habitat line

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 9881.68756542
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: pb_denhab_photoderived_1002_line
Entity_Type_Definition:

Vector geospatial file with polylines delineating putative denning habitat identified using manual interpretation of high-resolution aerial photos of the 1002 boundary within the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Attribute file provides descriptive and identifying information about putative denning habitat segments. Presented in both ESRI shapefile (SHP) and Keyhole Markup Language (KML) formats.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FNODE_
Attribute_Definition:

From Node: automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: TNODE_
Attribute_Definition:

To Node: automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: LPOLY_
Attribute_Definition:

Left Polygon: automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: RPOLY_
Attribute_Definition:

Right Polygon: automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: LENGTH
Attribute_Definition: Length of each den habitat segment.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.477011
Range_Domain_Maximum: 25210.9
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DENHAB_100
Attribute_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 4458

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DENHAB_101
Attribute_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 14
Range_Domain_Maximum: 7590

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FNODE1_
Attribute_Definition:

From Node: automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: TNODE1_
Attribute_Definition:

To Node: automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: LPOLY1_
Attribute_Definition:

Left Polygon: automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: RPOLY1_
Attribute_Definition:

Right Polygon: automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: AK_PB_DENH
Attribute_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 14
Range_Domain_Maximum: 7590

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: AK_PB_DE_1
Attribute_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 14
Range_Domain_Maximum: 7589

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DESCRIPT
Attribute_Definition: Description of physical feature used to designate den habitat.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 3' Bluffs
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Physical feature is a bluff > 1 m in height
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Physical Features that May Catch & Hold 3' or More of Snow
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Physical feature that may catch and hold >= 1 m of snow
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: INT_DATE
Attribute_Definition: Date range of processing and photo interpretation
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Summer of 1996 through Summer of 1997
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Photo interpretation occurred between summer of 1996 and summer of 1997

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Winter 1997 - 1998
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Photo interpretation occurred between winter of 1997 and winter of 1998

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2003
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Photo interpretation occurred during the year 2003
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Revised in 2003
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Photo interpretation revised during the year 2003
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: N/A
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Date range not provided
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: AREA
Attribute_Definition:

Location names of the segment of the Arctic Coastal Plain where the den habitat occurs.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Canning River to Canadian Border
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Canning River to Canadian Border; approximately (146° W - 141° W)

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Canning River to Tamayariak River
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Canning River to Tamayariak River; approximately (146° W - 145° 30' W)

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Kalubik Creek to Canadian Border
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Kalubik Creek to Canadian Border; approximately (150° W - 141° W)

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Kalubik Creek to Tamayariak River
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Kalubik Creek to Tamayariak River; approximately (150° W - 145° 30' W)

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: N/A
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Location names not provided
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: random_points_1002_area
Entity_Type_Definition:

Vector geospatial file with point features used to assess whether the spatial distributions of photo- and IfSAR-derived denning habitat differed from random. Attribute file provides identifying information about random points. Presented in both ESRI shapefile (SHP) and Keyhole Markup Language (KML) formats.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: CID
Attribute_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Automatically generated Arc/GIS assigned internal number.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: NEAR_FID
Attribute_Definition:

Automatically generated ArcInfo assigned internal number of the photo-derived polar bear maternal denning habitat line nearest to a random point.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 4458

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: NEAR_DIST
Attribute_Definition:

Distance between a photo-derived polar bear maternal denning habitat line and the nearest random point.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.000531058981256
Range_Domain_Maximum: 10719.372787
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: DTM_metadata
Entity_Type_Definition:

Folder with HTML formatted metadata files of the GeoTIFF formatted IfSAR digital terrain model(DTM) tiles used to map denning habitat using computer interrogation methods. Metadata files are provided for each DTM geotiff file in the IfSAR data set. The DTM data are available for purchase through Intermap technologies, Inc.

File naming convention: DTM_n[lat(DDMM)]w[long(DDMM)]P.html

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Vendor defined

Data Used to Compare Photo-Interpreted and IfSAR-Derived Maps of Polar Bear Denning Habitat for the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 2006-2016

Metadata: