Brant (Branta bernicla) Genetic Data from North America, Europe, and Asia

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Sonsthagen, Sarah A. (ORCID: 0000-0001-6215-5874)
Originator: Wilson, Robert E. (ORCID: 0000-0003-1800-0183)
Originator: Pierson, Barbara J. (ORCID: 0000-0001-8233-874X)
Originator: Sage, G. Kevin (ORCID: 0000-0003-1431-2286)
Originator: Talbot, Sandra L. (ORCID: 0000-0002-3312-7214)
Originator: Derksen, Dirk V.
Originator: Ward, David H. (ORCID: 0000-0002-5242-2526)
Publication_Date: 20240228
Title:

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested Citation: Sonsthagen, S.A., Wilson, R.E., Pierson, B.J., Sage, G.K., Talbot, S.L., Derksen, D.V., Ward, D.H., 2024, Brant (Branta bernicla) genetic data from North America, Europe, and Asia: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P96G9LAJ

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P96G9LAJ

Description:

Abstract:

This data package is comprised of one table with genetic data from Brant (Branta bernicla). Data include sampling location and allele sizes of 14 microsatellite loci.

Purpose:

The data were collected to assess spatial genetic structure in Brant across the Northern Hemisphere populations.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2024

Currentness_Reference: publication date

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent: North America, Europe, and Asia
Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -166
East_Bounding_Coordinate: 127
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 77
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 44

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC606

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: Biota
Theme_Keyword: Environment

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA GCMD Earth Science Keyword Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Animals/Vertebrates
Theme_Keyword: Birds
Theme_Keyword: Ducks/Geese/Swans

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS CSA Biocomplexity Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Waterfowl
Theme_Keyword: Migratory birds
Theme_Keyword: Gene Flow
Theme_Keyword: Population Genetics

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife
Theme_Keyword: Coastal ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Wetland ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Aquatic ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Marine ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Genetics
Theme_Keyword: Genetic diversity
Theme_Keyword: Polymerase chain reaction
Theme_Keyword: DNA sequencing

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NIH MeSH Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: DNA
Theme_Keyword: DNA Primers
Theme_Keyword: Alleles
Theme_Keyword: DNA, Mitochondrial
Theme_Keyword: Genetic markers
Theme_Keyword: Microsatellite Repeats
Theme_Keyword: Genotype

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Brant
Theme_Keyword: Branta bernicla

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: Alaska

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: NGA GEOnet Names Server
Place_Keyword: Canada
Place_Keyword: Iceland
Place_Keyword: Ireland
Place_Keyword: Russia
Place_Keyword: The Netherlands

Taxonomy:

Keywords/Taxon:

Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Taxonomic_Keywords: Brant
Taxonomic_Keywords: Branta bernicla

Taxonomic_System:

Classification_System/Authority:

Classification_System_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: online database
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: ITIS-North America

Other_Citation_Details:

Taxonomic details retrieved October 16, 2023, from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System online database https://www.itis.gov

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK

Taxonomic_Procedures:

Species were identified by skilled observers in the field based on general appearance, plumage, behavior, and vocalization.

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bilateria
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Deuterostomia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gnathostomata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Superclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tetrapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Aves
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Anseriformes
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Anatidae
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Branta
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Branta bernicla
Applicable_Common_Name: Brant
Applicable_Common_Name: Brent Goose
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 175011
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subspecies
Taxon_Rank_Value: Branta bernicla bernicla
Applicable_Common_Name: Dark-bellied Brent Geeset
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 714722

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subspecies
Taxon_Rank_Value: Branta bernicla hrota
Applicable_Common_Name: Pale-bellied brant
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 175012

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subspecies
Taxon_Rank_Value: Branta bernicla nigricans
Applicable_Common_Name: Black Brant
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 714723

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

It is requested that the suggested citation for this data release be included in any publications that reference or utilize these data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Wilson, R.E.
Originator: Boyd, W.S.
Originator: Sonsthagen, S.A.
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Clausen, P.
Originator: Dickson, K.M.
Originator: Ebbinge, B.S.
Originator: Gudmundsson, G.A.
Originator: Sage, G.K.
Originator: Rearick, J.R.
Originator: Gust, J.R.
Originator: Derksen, D.V.
Originator: Talbot, S.L.
Publication_Date: 2024
Title:

Where East Meets West: Phylogeography of the High Arctic North American Brant

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Ecology and Evolution
Issue_Identification: 14(4):e11245

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Wiley

Other_Citation_Details:

Wilson, R.E., Boyd, W.S., Sonsthagen, S.A., Ward, D.H., Clausen, P., Dickson, K.M., Ebbinge, B.S., Gudmundsson, G.A., Sage, G.K., Rearick, J.R., Gust, J.R., Derksen, D.V., Talbot, S.L., 2024. Where east meets west: phylogeography of the high Arctic North American brant. Ecology and Evolution 14(4):e11245. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11245

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11245

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Identifying information about samples were cross-checked with original field data. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and electrophoresis followed protocols described in Sonsthagen et al 2007. Quality control (QC) included a minimum of 20% re-extraction and PCR replication for each locus and all laboratory techniques were performed using sterile procedures. All duplicate characterizations of the same individual resulted in concordant data. Tests for null alleles and allelic dropout were implemented in MicroChecker (van Oosterhout et al 2004). NCBI GenBank numbers were cross-referenced to the appropriate samples in attributes.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Attribute values fall within expected ranges.
Completeness_Report: Blank cells are described for each attribute.
Lineage:

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:

Blood samples were collected from the brachial vein and stored in preservation buffer.

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:

DNA was extracted using a modified salt extraction technique (Medrano et al 1990; Sonsthagen et al 2004).

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, scoring of microsatellite loci, and sequencing of mitochondrial DNA followed Sonsthagen et al 2004. For quality control purposes, we extracted, amplified, and genotyped, 20% of the samples in duplicate.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Sonsthagen, S.A.
Originator: Talbot, S.L.
Originator: White, C.M.
Publication_Date: 2004
Title:

Gene Flow and Genetic Characterization of Northern Goshawks Breeding in Utah

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Condor
Issue_Identification: 106(4):826–836

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Oxford University Press

Other_Citation_Details:

Sonsthagen, S.A., Talbot, S.L., White, C.M., 2004. Gene flow and genetic characterization of Northern Goshawks breeding in Utah. Condor 106(4):826–836 doi:10.1093/condor/106.4.826

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/106.4.826

Type_of_Source_Media: publication
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2004

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Sonsthagen et al 2004
Source_Contribution:

Laboratory Technique Citation: describes DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and electrophoresis and sequencing protocols.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Medrano, J.F.
Originator: Aasen, E.
Originator: Sharrow, L.
Publication_Date: 1990
Title: DNA Extraction from Nucleated Red Blood Cells
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Biotechniques
Issue_Identification: 8(1):43

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Biotechniques

Other_Citation_Details:

Medrano, J.F., Aasen, E., Sharrow, L., 1990. DNA extraction from nucleated red blood cells. Biotechniques 8(1):43

Type_of_Source_Media: publication
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 1990

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Medrano et al 1990
Source_Contribution: Laboratory Technique Citation: describes DNA extraction

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: van Oosterhout, C.
Originator: Hutchinson, W.F.
Originator: Wills, D.P.M.
Originator: Shipley, P.
Publication_Date: 2004
Title:

MICRO-CHECKER: software for identifying and correcting genotyping errors in microsatellite data

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Molecular Ecology Notes
Issue_Identification: 4(3):535-538

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Wiley Online Library

Other_Citation_Details:

van Oosterhout, C., Hutchinson, W.F., Wills, D.P.M., Shipley, P. 2004. MICRO-CHECKER: software for identifying and correcting genotyping errors in microsatellite data. Molecular Ecology Notes 4(3):535-538 doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2004.00684.x

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2004.00684.x

Type_of_Source_Media: publication
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2004

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: van Oosterhout et al 2004
Source_Contribution:

Laboratory Technique Citation: describes tool used to identify potential scoring errors and null alleles of microsatellite loci.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: GenBank
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Online_Linkage: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank

Type_of_Source_Media: digital database file
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2020

Source_Currentness_Reference: observed

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NCBI GenBank
Source_Contribution:

Sequence information are publicly accessible in the NCBI Genbank database (accession numbers provided in this data package).

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Initial microsatellite allele sizes were determined by scoring based on PCR product size relative to an M13 DNA sequence ladder using Gene Profiler 4.05 (Scanalytics, Inc., Fairfax, VA). Subsequent gels included these known size individuals from which relative sizes of unknown individuals were assigned using Gene Profiler 4.05. For this reason, these microsatellite data cannot be combined with data generated outside the USGS Alaska Science Center without molecular size calibration between laboratories. MtDNA sequences from opposite strands were reconciled using AlignIR 2.0 (LI-COR, Lincoln, NE). Tests for null alleles and allelic dropout were implemented in MicroChecker (van Oosterhout et al 2004).

Process_Date: Unknown

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Sequences of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes sequenced in this study were submitted to the NCBI Genbank publicly available genetic sequence data database.

Process_Date: Unknown
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: NCBI GenBank

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Indirect_Spatial_Reference:

Place names do not represent exact sample collection locations. They are provided only as an indicator of the general sampling areas. The degree of geographic specificity is variable.

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.1
Longitude_Resolution: 0.1
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84)
Ellipsoid_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84)
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: brant_microsat_holarctic_wilson.csv
Entity_Type_Definition:

Table sample details, control region haplotype, and allele scores (in base pairs) for 14 autosomal microsatellite loci. Locus names and order of presentation: 5AB, Bca1, Bca7, Bca8, Bca11, CRG, Hhi3, 2AB, APH2, APH10, Bca4, Bca9, Smo01, Smo10. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sample_ID
Attribute_Definition: Unique laboratory label for each individual characterized.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Unique alphanumeric label assigned by the laboratory for materials originating from a single individual.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Species
Attribute_Definition:

Scientific name of species sampled. Taxonomic details are provided in the Taxonomy section of this metadata record.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Branta bernicla
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Scientific species name for Brant
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: putative_subspecies_or_stock
Attribute_Definition:

Name of the subspecies or stock of sampled Brant, as determined by sample provider.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Name of the subspecies or stock of sampled Brant, if provided.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Band_ID
Attribute_Definition:

Unique field identifier of the individual sampled Brant; the final five digits of the USGS Bird Banding Lab tarsal band.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Unique field identifier of the individual sampled Brant; the final five digits of the USGS Bird Banding Lab tarsal band, if applicable.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Country
Attribute_Definition: Name of the country where the Brant sample was collected.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Name of the country where the Brant sample was collected.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Province_State
Attribute_Definition:

The governmental region of the sampling location, if provided with the sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

The governmental region of the sampling location, if provided with the sample.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Locale
Attribute_Definition:

Place name of sampling locale, as provided with the sample. The degree of geographic specificity is highly variable. Approximate geographic coordinates are provided in the table "brant_sampleLocation_holarctic_wilson.csv" included with this data package. Blank cells indicate that data were not provided with the sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Place name of sampling locale, as provided with the sample. Corresponds with the "Locale" attribute in all tables included with this data package.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Collection_Date
Attribute_Definition: The sampling date or date range provided with samples.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1991
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2006
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: date

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Control_Region_Haplotype
Attribute_Definition:

Unique identifiers for 144 control region haplotypes. Blank cells indicate that a haplotype was not assigned for the sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Unique identifiers for 144 control region haplotypes

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: GenBank_Accession
Attribute_Definition:

GenBank Accession Number. A unique identifier (assigned by the National Center for Biotechnology Information; NCBI) of the mitochondrial DNA control region nucleotide sequence. This number may be used to retrieve detailed sample and sequence information from the NCBI GenBank database https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank Blank cells indicate that sequence data from this locus were not collected for this sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: NCBI GenBank accession
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Unique identifier: an alphanumeric accession number available in the NCBI GenBank database.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Age
Attribute_Definition: Age class of Brant when the sample was collected.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: AHY
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: After Hatch Year
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: ASY
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: After Second Year
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: HY
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Hatch Year
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: L
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Local; bird captured before first migration from nesting area.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: unknown
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Age class unknown.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: CHD_Sex
Attribute_Definition:

Sex determined molecularly; specifically the amplification of Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding (CHD) gene.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: M
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Male
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: F
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Female
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: unknown
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sex unknown
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 5AB_allele1 through Smo10_allele2
Attribute_Definition:

These 28 columns represent 14 microsatellite loci. Each microsatellite locus genotype is represented by two adjacent columns (i.e., allele1 and allele2) each containing one allele score. Blank cells indicate that data were not collected for the sample.

Genotype numbers were determined by scoring based on allele size relative to an M13 DNA sequence ladder and to samples established as size standards that were run on each gel. A blank cell indicates data were not collected at this locus for that sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Allele scores (nucleotide base pairs) for each microsatellite locus.

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: brant_sampleLocation_holarctic_wilson.csv
Entity_Type_Definition:

Table with sample location details, including approximate geographic coordinates. The degree of geographic specificity is variable and geographic coordinates do not represent exact sample collection locations. They are provided only as an indicator of the general sampling areas. Location details of sample locales in Iceland could not be resolved or confirmed and are presented generally for the entire island. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Locale
Attribute_Definition:

Place name of sampling location, as provided with the sample. The degree of geographic specificity is highly variable. Corresponds with the "Locale" column in all tables included with this data package.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Place name of sampling location, as provided with the sample.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Province_State
Attribute_Definition:

The governmental region of the sampling location, if provided with the sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

The governmental region of the sampling location, if provided with the sample.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Country
Attribute_Definition: Name of the country where the sample was collected.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Name of the country where the sample was collected.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: approximate_lat
Attribute_Definition:

Approximate latitude of the sampling location. The degree of geographic specificity is highly variable and does not represent exact sample collection locations.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 44.1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 76.8
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees (WGS84)

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: approximate_lon
Attribute_Definition:

Approximate longitude of the sampling locale. The degree of geographic specificity is highly variable and does not represent exact sample collection locations.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -166.0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 126.7
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees (WGS84)

Brant (Branta bernicla) Genetic Data from North America, Europe, and Asia

Metadata: