Data Associated with Algal Toxin Testing of Seabirds from the Bering and Chukchi Seas, 2017

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Van Hemert, C. (ORCID: 0000-0002-6858-7165)
Originator: Dusek, R.J. (ORCID: 0000-0001-6177-7479)
Originator: Smith, M.M. (ORCID: 0000-0002-2259-5135)
Originator: Kaler, R.
Originator: Sheffield, G. (ORCID: 0000-0003-1594-1666)
Originator: Divine, L.M.
Originator: Kuletz, K.
Originator: Knowles, S. (ORCID: 0000-0002-0254-6491)
Originator: Lankton, J.S. (ORCID: 0000-0002-6843-4388)
Originator: Hardison, D.R.
Originator: Litaker, R.W.
Originator: Jones, T.
Originator: Burgess, H.K.
Originator: Parrish, J.K.
Publication_Date: 20201218
Title:

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested Citation: Van Hemert, C., Dusek, R.J., Smith, M.M., Kaler, R., Sheffield, G., Divine, L.M., Kuletz, K., Knowles, S., Lankton, J.S., Hardison, D.R., Litaker, R.W., Jones, T., Burgess, H.K., Parrish, J.K., 2020, Data associated with algal toxin testing of seabirds from the Bering and Chukchi Seas, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OK4I8M

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OK4I8M
Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Publication_Date: 2012
Title: Avian health and ecology of wildlife disease in Alaska
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: website
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Alaska Science Portal
Issue_Identification: 428

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

This is a link to the broader USGS Alaska Science Center research project supported by these data. Users will find a description of the research project and links to associated reports, publications, and data products.

Online_Linkage: https://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=428

Description:

Abstract:

This data set is comprised of three tables with results of algal toxin screening for saxitoxin and domoic acid. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to screen seabirds in the Bering and Chukchi Seas, 2017.

Purpose:

These data were collected to examine the potential connection of a large-scale seabird die-off in 2017 to harmful algal blooms in the Chukchi and Bering Seas.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20170802
Ending_Date: 20170927

Currentness_Reference: Observed

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Western Alaska and the Bering and Chukchi Seas
Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -171.7
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -160.8
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 68.3
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 53.9

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC337

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: Biota
Theme_Keyword: Environment

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA GCMD Earth Science Keyword Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Animals/Vertebrates
Theme_Keyword: Birds
Theme_Keyword: Albatrosses/Petrels and Allies
Theme_Keyword: Waders/Gulls/Auks and Allies

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS CSA Biocomplexity Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Migratory birds

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife
Theme_Keyword: Migratory species
Theme_Keyword: Marine ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Health and disease
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife disease

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NIH MeSH Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Seabirds
Theme_Keyword: Harmful algal bloom
Theme_Keyword: HABS
Theme_Keyword: Immunologic techniques
Theme_Keyword: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Theme_Keyword: Toxicity
Theme_Keyword: Saxitoxin
Theme_Keyword: Domoic acid

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: Alaska
Place_Keyword: Bering Sea
Place_Keyword: Chukchi Sea

Taxonomy:

Keywords/Taxon:

Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Taxonomic_Keywords: Vertebrates
Taxonomic_Keywords: Animals
Taxonomic_Keywords: Birds
Taxonomic_Keywords: Seabirds

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bilateria
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Deuterostomia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gnathostomata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Superclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tetrapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Aves
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Procellariiformes
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Procellariidae
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Puffinus
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Puffinus tenuirostris
Applicable_Common_Name: Short-tailed Shearwater
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 174554

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fulmarus
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fulmarus glacialis
Applicable_Common_Name: Northern Fulmar
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 174536

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Hydrobatidae
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subfamily
Taxon_Rank_Value: Hydrobatinae
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Oceanodroma
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Oceanodroma furcata
Applicable_Common_Name: Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 174625

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Charadriiformes
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Alcidae
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Uria
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Uria aalge
Applicable_Common_Name: Common Murre
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 176974

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fratercula
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fratercula corniculata
Applicable_Common_Name: Horned Puffin
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 177029

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

It is requested that the authors and the USGS Alaska Science Center be cited for any subsequent publications that reference this dataset.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Data_Set_Credit:

Initial method development to adapt the ELISA assay for use in bird tissues was conducted at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) - National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Beaufort, NC. After the method was finalized, the protocol was duplicated at the USGS Alaska Science Center, with both laboratories subsequently analyzing tissues, and conducting cross-laboratory validation. All HPLC analyses were conducted at the NCCOS.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Van Hemert, C.
Originator: Dusek, R.J.
Originator: Smith, M.M.
Originator: Kaler, R.
Originator: Sheffield, G.
Originator: Divine, L.M.
Originator: Kuletz, K.
Originator: Knowles, S.
Originator: Lankton, J.S.
Originator: Hardison, D.R.
Originator: Litaker, R.W.
Originator: Jones, T.
Originator: Burgess, H.K.
Originator: Parrish, J.K.
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title:

Investigation of algal toxins in a multispecies seabird die-off in the Bering and Chukchi seas

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Journal of Wildlife Diseases
Issue_Identification: TBD

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Wildlife Disease Association

Other_Citation_Details:

Van Hemert, C., Dusek, R.J., Smith, M.M., Kaler, R., Sheffield, G., Divine, L.M., Kuletz, K., Knowles, S., Lankton, J.S., Hardison, D.R., Litaker, R.W., Jones, T., Burgess, H.K., Parrish, J.K. in press. Investigation of algal toxins in a multispecies seabird die-off in the Bering and Chukchi seas. Journal of Wildlife Diseases TBD doi:TBD

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/TBD

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Individual sample ID's, taxonomic identification, collection dates, and sampling locations were cross-checked and verified to match field data. We observed sterile techniques in the handling of all samples.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Attribute values fall within expected ranges. Sample concentrations too low for accurate quantification were designated as "DBNQ" (detectable but not quantifiable) or "BD" (below detection). Not all tissue types were available from all individuals, and sample volume was often limited (precluding testing for both saxitoxin and domoic acid in all tissues). In several instances, we pooled samples across multiple birds. Samples not tested for this reason were designated "NA" (not available for testing).

Completeness_Report:

No data were omitted. Not all tissue types were available from all individuals, and sample volume was often limited, precluding testing for both saxitoxin and domoic acid in all tissues. Blank cells indicate that HPLC was not performed for a particular sample due to low saxitoxin concentration.

Lineage:

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:

Seabird Tissue Collection. During a large-scale die-off event of seabirds in 2017, we collected beach-cast carcasses from multiple locations in the Bering and Chukchi Sea region. From seabird carcasses, we collected samples of cloacal contents, intestinal contents, whole intestine, stomach contents, whole stomach, liver, and muscle for saxitoxin and domoic acid.

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:

Saxitoxin Extraction from Tissues. Seabird tissues were extracted for saxitoxin analysis using the procedure of Lawrence et al. (2005) and stored at -20 ºC until ready for analysis. Optimally, 5 g of sample is recommended for the assay, but it was not always possible to obtain this much material from seabird samples in this study. In those instances, dilution volumes and calculations were adjusted accordingly.

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:

Saxitoxin ELISA Assay. We used the Abraxis STX microtiter plate assay (Abraxis LLC, Warminster, PA) to test seabird samples for saxitoxin. We followed the manufacturer’s protocols with minor modifications. Extracts were diluted 1:250 instead of 1:1000 as recommended for shellfish samples. Final absorbance of the standard curve and samples were measured at 450 nm on either a ClarioStar spectrophotometer (BMG Labtech, Cary, NC) or an Emax Plus microplate reader (Molecular Devices, San Jose, CA).

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:

Saxitoxin HPLC Assay. Samples estimated to contain >10 µg/100 g by ELISA were analyzed by HPLC using the standard method of Lawrence et al. (2005). The standards/toxins analyzed were: dcGTX2,3; C1,2; dcSTX; GTX2,3; GTX5; STX; GTX1,4; NEO and Cumulative STX-eq.

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:

Domoic Acid ELISA Assay. Samples were screened for the presence of DA using the commercially available ELISA kit manufactured by Biosense Laboratories (Bergen, Norway) or the DAK-36 Domoic Acid test kit (Mercury Science, Inc., Durham, NC) following the manufacturer’s protocol. Results were read at 450 nm on a spectrophotometer (Litaker et al. 2008).

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) - National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Beaufort, NC.

Publication_Date: 2019
Title: Laboratory Results
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data

Type_of_Source_Media: digital database file
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 201901

Source_Currentness_Reference: observed

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NCCOS Lab
Source_Contribution:

External Laboratory Results: Initial method development to adapt the ELISA assay for use in bird tissue and subsequent ELISA and HPLC analyses.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Lawrence, J.F.
Originator: Niedzwiadek, B.
Originator: Menard, C.
Publication_Date: 2005
Title:

Quantitative determination of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in shellfish using prechromatographic oxidation and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection: collaborative study

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Journal of AOAC International
Issue_Identification: 88(6):1714-1732

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: AOAC International

Other_Citation_Details:

Lawrence, J.F., Niedzwiadek, B., Menard, C. 2005. Quantitative determination of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in shellfish using prechromatographic oxidation and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC International 88(6): 1714–1732.

Type_of_Source_Media: journal article
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2005

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Lawrence et al. 2005
Source_Contribution:

Laboratory Technique Citation: Saxitoxin extraction and analysis.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Litaker, R.W.
Originator: Stewart, T.N.
Originator: Eberhart, B.T.L.
Originator: Wekell, J.C.
Originator: Trainer, V.L.
Originator: Kudela, R.M.
Originator: Miller, P.E.
Originator: Roberts, A.
Originator: Hertz, C.
Originator: Johnson, T.A.
Publication_Date: 2008
Title:

Rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of the algal toxin domoic acid

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Journal of Shellfish Research
Issue_Identification: 27(5):1301–1310

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: AOAC International

Other_Citation_Details:

Litaker, R.W., Stewart, T.N., Eberhart, B.-T.L., Wekell, J.C., Trainer, V.L., Kudela, R.M., Miller, P.E., Roberts, A., Hertz, C., Johnson, T.A. 2008. Rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of the algal toxin domoic acid. Journal of Shellfish Research 27(5):1301–1310. doi:10.2983/0730-8000-27.5.1301

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2983/0730-8000-27.5.1301

Type_of_Source_Media: publication
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2008

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Litaker et al. 2008
Source_Contribution:

Laboratory Technique Citation: Domoic acid extraction and analysis.

Process_Step:

Process_Description: Field notes were transcribed into electronic spreadsheets.
Process_Date: Unknown

Process_Step:

Process_Description: Laboratory analytical results were acquired from the NCCOS Lab.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: NCCOS Lab
Process_Date: Unknown

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The standard curve for the ELISA was constructed as described in the manufacturer’s protocol. To reduce the chances of false positive readings we used a conservative B/B0 range of 80–90% for defining a sample as containing detectable but not quantifiable levels of saxitoxin. B/B0 values above 90% were considered negative.

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Indirect_Spatial_Reference:

Location names are the proper or common names for local geographic areas used during field sampling.

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.1
Longitude_Resolution: 0.1
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Ellipsoid_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: algalToxin_seabirdSpecimenData_chukchiBeringSea_vanHemert_2017
Entity_Type_Definition:

Table containing specimen information for seabirds collected in the Chukchi and Bering seas. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author Defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Bird_ID
Attribute_Definition:

A unique numeric code for each seabird specimen. Corresponds to 'Bird_ID' in all tables included in this data release.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Unique identifier; a case and accession number assigned to each seabird specimen by the USGS National Wildlife Health Center.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Species
Attribute_Definition:

Common name of seabird species followed by scientific name in parentheses.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Common name (scientific name)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Short-tailed Shearwater (Puffinus tenuirostris)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Common name (scientific name)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Common Murre (Uria aalge)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Common name (scientific name)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Fork-tailed Storm Petrel (Oceanodroma furcata)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Common name (scientific name)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Horned Puffin (Fratercula corniculata)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Common name (scientific name)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Location
Attribute_Definition:

Proper or common names for local geographic areas where samples were collected.

Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Location name of area where seabird specimen was collected.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Latitude
Attribute_Definition: The latitude of the sample collection.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 53.9
Range_Domain_Maximum: 68.3
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees (WGS84)

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Longitude
Attribute_Definition: The longitude of the sample collection.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -171.7
Range_Domain_Maximum: -160.8
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees (WGS84)

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Collection date
Attribute_Definition:

Date or range of dates that the sample was collected in the field.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 2017-08-02
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2017-09-27
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Date (YYYY-MM-DD)

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Postmortem condition
Attribute_Definition: Condition of seabird specimen postmortem.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Assessed in final USGS National Wildlife Health Center necropsy report. Qualitative assessment of autolysis based on color, odor, gas distention, sloughing of skin, sunken eyes, intactness, and insect activity.

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Poor
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Severe autolytic discoloration of tissues, strong scent of decay, carcass may appear collapsed, obvious sloughing of skin, extremely sunken eyes, tissue integrity is lost, numerous maggots and beetles may be present.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Fair
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Noticeable discoloration of tissues, mild scent of decay, bloating of abdominal coelum and obvious gas distention in the gastrointestinal tract, mild sloughing of skin, noticeably sunken eyes, intact, low numbers of maggots may be present.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Good
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Minimal discoloration, no odor, no gas distention of carcass but might be minimal gas distention of intestines, no sloughing of skin, no sunken eyes, intact, no insect activity or fly eggs only.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Not examined
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: A postmortem examination was not performed.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unsuitable for post mortem exam
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Tissues absent or brown to black, strong scent of decay or smell of environment in which carcass was decaying, eyes no longer present or severely autolyzed, tissues absent or all integrity lost, beetles present or no insect activity.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Body condition
Attribute_Definition:

Body condition of seabird specimen assessed in final USGS National Wildlife Health Center necropsy report.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: NA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Poor
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Minimal subcutaneous, visceral or pericardial fat stores.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Fair
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Small amount of subcutaneous, visceral or pericardial fat stores.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Emaciated
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No subcutaneous, visceral or pericardial fat stores +/- muscle atrophy.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Evidence of drowning
Attribute_Definition:

Evidence of drowning from description in final USGS National Wildlife Health Center necropsy report.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: NA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Yes
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Lungs were wet, frothy, heavy, or otherwise noted by pathologist as suggestive of drowning.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: No
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Lungs were not wet, frothy, heavy, or otherwise noted by pathologist as suggestive of drowning.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Depletion of fat stores
Attribute_Definition:

Evidence of depletion of fat stores from description in final USGS National Wildlife Health Center necropsy report.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Yes
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Fat stores were depleted.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: No
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Fat stores were not depleted.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: NA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Evidence of blood in gastrointestinal tract
Attribute_Definition:

Evidence of blood in gastrointestinal tract from description in final USGS National Wildlife Health Center necropsy report. Evidence of blood includes references to blood and melena in the intestines.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: NA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Yes
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: There was evidence of blood in the gastrointestinal tract.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: No
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: There was no evidence of blood in the gastrointestinal tract.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Other gastrointestinal tract contents
Attribute_Definition:

Other gastrointestinal tract contents from description in final USGS National Wildlife Health Center necropsy report.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Description of gastrointestinal tract contents

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: NA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: algalToxin_seabirdTissueELISA_chukchiBeringSea_vanHemert_2017
Entity_Type_Definition:

Table containing sampling information and results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening for two algal toxins (saxitoxin and domoic acid) in seabird samples from the Chukchi and Bering Seas. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author Defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Bird_ID
Attribute_Definition:

A unique numeric code for each seabird specimen. Corresponds to 'Bird_ID' in all tables included in this data release. Bird_ID and Sample_IDs are listed when samples were pooled from multiple seabird specimens.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Unique identifier; a case and accession number assigned to each seabird specimen by the USGS National Wildlife Health Center.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sample_ID
Attribute_Definition:

A unique alphanumeric code for each tissue sample, assigned by the laboratory. Corresponds to 'Sample_ID' in all tables included in this data release.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author Defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Unique identifier; an alphanumeric code for each tissue sample analyzed for saxitoxin and domoic acid concentration.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: STX_tissue_weight
Attribute_Definition: Weight of tissue for saxitoxin extraction.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: NA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No data
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.8
Range_Domain_Maximum: 5.2
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Grams

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pooled (ATS158)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Cloacal contents pooled for northern fulmars from St. George and St. Mathew islands

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pooled (ATS159)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Stomach and cloacal contents pooled for northern fulmars from Point Hope and Gambell

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pooled (ATS160)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Stomach and cloacal contents pooled from multiple seabird species from Unalaska Island, Shishmaref, and St. Paul Island

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DA_tissue_weight
Attribute_Definition: Weight of tissue for domoic acid extraction.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: NA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No data
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.3
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.6
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Grams

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Tissue
Attribute_Definition:

Type of seabird tissue tested for saxitoxin and domoic acid concentration.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Cloacal contents
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Cloacal contents
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Intestine
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Intestine tissue
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Liver
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Liver tissue
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Stomach contents
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Stomach contents
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Muscle
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Muscle tissue
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Stomach
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Stomach tissue
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Intestinal contents
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Intestinal contents
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Stomach and cloacal contents
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Stomach and cloacal contents
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: STX_ELISA
Attribute_Definition:

Saxitoxin (STX) concentration measured by commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for STX.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: NA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Below detection
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: DBNQ
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detectable but not quantifiable
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pooled (ATS 158)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Cloacal contents pooled for northern fulmars from St. George and St. Mathew islands

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pooled (ATS 159)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Stomach and cloacal contents pooled for northern fulmars from Point Hope and Gambell

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pooled (ATS 160)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

Stomach and cloacal contents pooled from multiple seabird species from Unalaska Island, Shishmaref, and St. Paul Island

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.2
Range_Domain_Maximum: 63.1
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: µg/100g

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: DA_ELISA
Attribute_Definition:

Domoic acid (DA) concentration measured by commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for DA in parts per million (ppm).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Below Detection
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: NA
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: No Data
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: algalToxin_seabirdTissueHPLC_chukchiBeringSea_vanHemert_2017
Entity_Type_Definition:

Table containing results of High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a method used to quantify specific toxin congeners. Presented in a comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing data.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author Defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sample_ID
Attribute_Definition:

A unique alphanumeric code for each tissue sample, assigned by the laboratory. Corresponds to 'Sample_ID' in all tables included in this data release.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Unique identifier; an alphanumeric code for each tissue sample analyzed for saxitoxin and domoic acid concentration.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: dcGTX2_3
Attribute_Definition:

Decarbamoyl gonyautoxins 2–3 (dcGTX2,3) measured by HPLC and expressed in STX toxicity factor equivalents (µg/100g STX-eq).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Below Detection
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: C1C2
Attribute_Definition:

C-toxins 1–2 (C1C2) measured by HPLC and expressed in STX toxicity factor equivalents (µg/100g STX-eq).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Below Detection
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 2
Range_Domain_Maximum: 10
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: µg/100g

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: dcSTX
Attribute_Definition:

Decarbamoyl saxitoxin (dcSTX) measured by HPLC and expressed in STX toxicity factor equivalents (µg/100g STX-eq).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Below Detection
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: GTX2_3
Attribute_Definition:

Gonyautoxins 2 and 3 (GTX2,3) measured by HPLC and expressed in STX toxicity factor equivalents (µg/100g STX-eq).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Below Detection
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: GTX5
Attribute_Definition:

Gonyautoxin 5 (GTX5) measured by HPLC and expressed in STX toxicity factor equivalents (µg/100g STX-eq).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Below Detection
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.0
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: µg/100g

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: STX
Attribute_Definition:

Saxitoxin (STX) measured by HPLC and expressed in STX toxicity factor equivalents (µg/100g STX-eq).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 9.8
Range_Domain_Maximum: 19.9
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: µg/100g

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: GTX1_4
Attribute_Definition:

Gonyautoxins 1 and 4 (GTX1,4) measured by HPLC and expressed in STX toxicity factor equivalents (µg/100g STX-eq).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Below Detection
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 6.7
Range_Domain_Maximum: 14.3
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: µg/100g

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: NEO
Attribute_Definition:

Neosaxitoxin (NEO) measured by HPLC and expressed in STX toxicity factor equivalents (µg/100g STX-eq).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: BD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Below Detection
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 3.0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 14.1
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: µg/100g

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Cumulative_STX-eq
Attribute_Definition: Cumulative saxitoxin (STX) equivalents.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 11.8
Range_Domain_Maximum: 51.2
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: µg/100g

Data Associated with Algal Toxin Testing of Seabirds from the Bering and Chukchi Seas, 2017

Metadata: