Data Supporting Studies of Brant and Other Waterfowl Natural Behaviors at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, 1985-1988

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey - Alaska Science Center
Publication_Date: 20221209
Title:
Data Supporting Studies of Brant and Other Waterfowl Natural Behaviors at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, 1985-1988
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name:
Data Supporting Studies of Brant and Other Waterfowl Disturbance Behavior, Distribution, and Diet at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, 1985-1988
Issue_Identification: ver 1.0, December 2022
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Suggested Citation: U.S. Geological Survey - Alaska Science Center. 2022, Data supporting studies of brant and other waterfowl disturbance behavior, distribution, and diet at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska, 1985-1988: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9B98AK4
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9B98AK4
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Publication_Date: 2009
Title: Population Ecology of Waterfowl and Loons
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: website
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Alaska Science Portal
Issue_Identification: 377
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Other_Citation_Details:
This is a link to the broader USGS Alaska Science Center research project supported by these data. Users will find a description of the research project and links to associated reports, publications, and data products.
Online_Linkage: https://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=377
Description:
Abstract:
This data package presents legacy data collected during 1985-1988 at Izembek Lagoon on the western end of the Alaska Peninsula. The data were collected in support of a multi-year study focused on aircraft disturbance of waterfowl, particularly Black Brant, Emperor Geese, and Cackling Geese. The study was conducted at Izembek Lagoon and included several study sites within the lagoon: Halfway Point, Grant Point, Outer Marker, Quarter Point, Applegate Cove, Norma Bay, Round Island, and Banding Island. The primary objectives were to 1) determine the proportion of time brant spent foraging, resting, and in flight during natural environmental conditions.
The raw data are provided in a .CSV format, however, PDF digital scans of original field data sheets, tables, figures, and maps are also available upon request.
Purpose:
Between 1985-1988, biologists with the USFWS Special Studies Program (precursor to USFWS Alaska Region departments and ultimately the Ecosystems Office at the USGS) collected observational information on waterbirds at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska. Izembek Lagoon contains one of the largest eelgrass beds in the world and the importance of this resource to waterfowl has led to its designation as a wetland of international importance (RAMSAR). Long-term studies on waterfowl productivity and behavior allow scientists to evaluate the health of waterfowl populations and the environments supporting them. Additionally, the time budget and energetics of staging brant are important components in evaluating the impact of increased aircraft disturbance at Izembek Lagoon. To evaluate behavioral response caused by natural disturbances and increasing levels of aircraft disturbance, the undisturbed behavior dataset (described in this metadata record) was compared to the incidental disturbance dataset (see "ecosystems_ASC_aircraftDisturbance_izembek_1985-1988_metadata").
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1985
Ending_Date: 1988
Currentness_Reference: observed
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Izembek Lagoon, Alaska
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -163.58
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -161.41
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 55.72
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 54.78
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC500
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: Biota
Theme_Keyword: Environment
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA GCMD Earth Science Keyword Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Animals/Vertebrates
Theme_Keyword: Ducks/Geese/Swans
Theme_Keyword: Animal ecology and behavior
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS CSA Biocomplexity Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Waterfowl
Theme_Keyword: Disturbance
Theme_Keyword: Ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Social behavior
Theme_Keyword: Public aircraft
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife
Theme_Keyword: Ecology
Theme_Keyword: Coastal ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Animal behavior
Theme_Keyword: Field inventory and monitoring
Theme_Keyword: Field experiments
Theme_Keyword: Mitigation of coastal hazards
Theme_Keyword: Migration
Theme_Keyword: Biological productivity
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Black Brant
Theme_Keyword: Emperor Goose
Theme_Keyword: Cackling Goose
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: Alaska
Place_Keyword: Alaska Peninsula
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Izembek Lagoon
Place_Keyword: Cove Island
Place_Keyword: Halfway Point
Place_Keyword: Grant Point
Place_Keyword: Outer Marker
Place_Keyword: Quarter Point
Place_Keyword: Applegate Cove
Place_Keyword: Norma Bay
Place_Keyword: Round Island
Place_Keyword: Banding Island
Taxonomy:
Keywords/Taxon:
Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Taxonomic_Keywords: Brant Goose
Taxonomic_Keywords: Emperor Goose
Taxonomic_Keywords: Cackling Goose
Taxonomic_System:
Classification_System/Authority:
Classification_System_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: online database
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: online
Publisher: ITIS-North America
Other_Citation_Details:
Taxonomic details retrieved November 7, 2022, from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System online database https://www.itis.gov
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK
Taxonomic_Procedures:
Avian species were identified by skilled observers in the field based on plumage, behavior, and vocalizations
Taxonomic_Completeness:
Taxonomy is complete for all samples. No vouchers were collected.
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bilateria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Deuterostomia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gnathostomata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tetrapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Aves
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Anseriformes
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Anatidae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Branta
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Branta bernicla
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 175011
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Branta hutchinsii
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 174068
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Anser
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Anser canagicus
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 175031
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
It is requested that the authors and the USGS Alaska Science Center be cited for any subsequent publications that reference this dataset.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Taylor, E.J.
Originator: Wotawa, M.A.
Originator: Stehn, R.A.
Originator: Derksen, D.V.
Originator: Lensink, C.J.
Publication_Date: 1986
Title:
Behavior of Pacific Black Brant and Other Geese in Response to Aircraft Disturbances and Other Disturbances at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: Annual Report
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Ward, D.H., Taylor, E.J., Wotawa, M.A., Stehn, R.A., Derksen, D.V., Lensink, C.J., 1986. Behavior of Pacific black brant and other geese in response to aircraft disturbances and other disturbances at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: annual report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska.
Unpublished report archived by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog (ServCat) https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat [reference code: 106094].
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Taylor, E.J.
Originator: Wotawa, M.A.
Originator: Stehn, R.A.
Originator: Derksen, D.V.
Originator: Lensink, C.J.
Publication_Date: 1987
Title:
Behavior of Pacific Black Brant and Other Geese in Response to Aircraft Disturbances and Other Disturbances at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: Annual Report
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Ward, D.H., Taylor, E.J., Wotawa, M.A., Stehn, R.A., Derksen, D.V., Lensink, C.J., 1987. Behavior of Pacific black brant and other geese in response to aircraft disturbances and other disturbances at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: annual report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska.
Unpublished report archived by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog (ServCat) https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat [reference code: 106093].
Online_Linkage: https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/157539
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Stehn, R.A.
Originator: Wotawa, M.A.
Originator: North, M.R.
Originator: Books-Blenden, B.
Originator: Lensink, C.J.
Originator: Derksen, D.V.
Publication_Date: 1988
Title:
Response of Pacific Black Brant and Other Geese to Aircraft Overflights at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: Annual Report
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., Wotawa, M.A., North, M.R., Books-Blenden, B., Lensink, C.J., Derksen, D.V., 1988. Response of Pacific black brant and other geese to aircraft overflights at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: annual report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska.
Unpublished report archived by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog (ServCat) https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat [reference code: 106095].
Online_Linkage: https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/157542
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Stehn, R.A.
Publication_Date: 1989
Title:
Response of Brant and Other Geese to Aircraft Disturbance at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: Final Report
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Intra-agency agreement 14-12-0001-30332
Issue_Identification: MMS 90-0046
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., 1989. Response of brant and other geese to aircraft disturbance at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: final report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska.
Unpublished report archived by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog (ServCat) https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat [reference code: 107956].
Online_Linkage: https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/107956
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Stehn, R.A.
Originator: Derksen, D.V.
Publication_Date: 1994
Title:
Response of Staging Brant to Disturbance at the Izembek Lagoon, Alaska
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Wildlife Society Bulletin
Issue_Identification: 22(2): 220-228
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Wildlife Society Bulletin
Publisher: Wiley
Other_Citation_Details:
Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., Derksen, D.V., 1994. Response of staging brant to disturbance at the Izembek Lagoon, Alaska. Wildlife Society Bulletin 22(2):220-228. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3783249
Online_Linkage: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3783249
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Erickson, W.P.
Originator: Nick, T.G.
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Publication_Date: 1998
Title:
Investigating Flight Response of Pacific Brant to Helicopters at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska by Using Logistic Regression
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication
Series_Information:
Series_Name: ASA-SIAM Series on Statistics and Applied Probability Book 3
Issue_Identification:
Statistical Case Studies: A Collaboration Between Academe and Industry: Chapter 13
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Book
Publisher: SIAM
Other_Citation_Details:
Erickson, W.P., Nick, T.G., Ward, D.H., 1998. Investigating flight response of Pacific brant to helicopters at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska by using logistic regression. In Peck, R., Haugh, L.D., Goodman, A. (Eds.), Statistical Case Studies: A Collaboration Between Academe and Industry (book 3).
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Stehn, R.A.
Originator: Erickson, W.P.
Originator: Derksen, D.V.
Publication_Date: 1999
Title:
Response of Fall-Staging Brant and Canada Geese to Aircraft Overflights in Southwestern Alaska
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication
Series_Information:
Series_Name: The Journal of Wildlife Management
Issue_Identification: 63(1): 373-381
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Journal of Wildlife Management
Publisher: Wiley
Other_Citation_Details:
Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., Erickson, W.P., Derksen, D.V., 1999. Response of fall-staging brant and Canada geese to aircraft overflights in southwestern Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management 63(1): 373-381. https://doi.org/10.2307/3802522
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2307/3802522
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Patil, V.P.
Originator: Amundson, C.L.
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Fitzmorris, P.J.
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Data and Model-Based Estimates from Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) Fall Age Ratio Surveys at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: data release
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: online
Publisher: USGS Alaska Science Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Patil, V.P., Amundson, C.L., Ward, D.H. Fitzmorris, P.J., 2020, Data and model-based estimates from Black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) fall age ratio surveys at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska (ver 3.0, December 2021): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QIJIU2
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QIJIU2
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QAQC) protocols for these data included: 1) electronically transcribed field notes and data sheets associated with goose disturbance observations were checked against the hardcopy data, and 2) all records were checked for missing values, duplicates, outliers, and inconsistencies.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Attribute values fall within expected ranges. Blank cells indicate data that were not recorded or not provided.
Completeness_Report: The dataset is complete, no data were omitted.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Positions were obtained by comparing hard copy maps of Izembek Lagoon to current satellite imagery. Latitude and longitude were selected as the centroid of the study site.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
Behavior: Four levels of observation intensity and sampling methods existed: 1) continuous behavioral observations, 2) instantaneous scan sampling, 3) estimation of time spent in flight, and 4) the use of radio telemetry to determine the frequency of geese in foraging verses roosting habitat (see Ward and Stehn 1989 for additional methodology).
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Taylor, E.O.
Originator: Wotawa, M.A.
Originator: Stehn, R.A.
Originator: Derksen, D.V.
Originator: Lensink, C.J.
Publication_Date: 1987
Title:
Behavior of Pacific Black Brant and Other Geese in response to Aircraft Disturbances and other Disturbances at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Ward, D.H., Taylor, E.J., Wotawa, M.A., Stehn, R.A., Derksen, D.V., Lensink, C.J., 1987. Behavior of Pacific black brant and other geese in response to aircraft disturbances and other disturbances at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: annual report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska.
Unpublished report archived by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog (ServCat) https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat [reference code: 106093].
Online_Linkage: https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/157539
Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1987
Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ward et al. 1987
Source_Contribution: Provides details for the study and results
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ward, D.H.
Originator: Stehn, R.A.
Publication_Date: 1989
Title:
Response of Brant and Other Geese to Aircraft Disturbance at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: Final Report
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Intra-agency agreement 14-12-0001-30332
Issue_Identification: MMS 90-0046
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Ward, D.H., Stehn, R.A., 1989. Response of brant and other geese to aircraft disturbance at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska: final report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center, Anchorage, Alaska.
Unpublished report archived by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Catalog (ServCat) https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat [reference code: 107956].
Online_Linkage: https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/107956
Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1989
Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ward and Stehn 1989
Source_Contribution: Provides detailed maps of study area locations.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Hard copies of the documents including field data sheets, figures, tables, and maps have been stored at the USGS Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, Alaska. During the spring-fall 2022, the documents were digitally scanned, organized and inventoried. The data pertaining to goose distribution, experimental overflights, incidental disturbances, and undisturbed behavior were transcribed into a digital .CSV format.
Process_Date: 2022
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference:
Study site names are local geographic place names of observation areas and do not describe precise geographic points.
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Ellipsoid_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: naturalGooseBehavior_izembek_ward_1985-1988.csv
Entity_Type_Definition:
Data table corresponding to the behavior of Brant Geese, Cackling Geese, and Emperor Geese when not disturbed at Izembek Lagoon. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table.
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Num
Attribute_Definition: Record number in consecutive order.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1
Range_Domain_Maximum: 986
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: StudyArea
Attribute_Definition: Name of location where goose behavior was observed.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: AG
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Applegate Cove North (approximately 55.21 N, 162.85 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: GP
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Grant Point (approximately 55.26 N, 162.89 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: OW
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Outer Marker West (approximately 55.29 N, 162.81 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: QP
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quarter Point (approximately 55.27 N, 162.83 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: GW
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Grant Point West (approximately 55.26 N, 162.89 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: HP
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Halfway Point (approximately 55.29 N, 162.82 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: OM
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Outer Marker (approximately 55.31 N, 162.76 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: AC
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Applegate Cove South (approximately 55.20 N, 162.86 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: BI
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Banding Island (approximately 55.28 N, 162.84 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: GE
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Grant Point East (approximately 55.27 N, 162.88 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NB
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Norma Bay (approximately 55.18 N, 163.03 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: RE
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Round Island East (approximately 55.32 N, 162.78 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: RW
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Round Island West (approximately 55.32 N, 162.79 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: RI
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Round Island (approximately 55.32 N, 162.79 W)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Subarea
Attribute_Definition:
Subarea location within the study area. Blank cells indicate that a subarea was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Subarea location within the study area.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Loc
Attribute_Definition:
Location within the study area and flock; see supplemental files for a map of study areas. Blank cells indicate that a location was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Location within the study area and flock.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Year
Attribute_Definition: Year the undisturbed behavior of waterfowl was observed.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1985
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1987
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Year (YYYY)
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Date
Attribute_Definition: Date the undisturbed behavior of waterfowl was observed.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 1985-09-23
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1987-11-02
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Date (YYYY-MM-DD)
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Time
Attribute_Definition: Time the undisturbed waterfowl behavior was observed.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 08:50
Range_Domain_Maximum: 20:50
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Time (hh:mm) 24 hr
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Observer
Attribute_Definition: Observer initials of waterfowl behavior observations.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: AL
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Andy Loranger
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: DD
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Dirk Derksen
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: DW
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: David Ward
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: BS
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Bob Stehn
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: CL
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Calvin Lensink
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: ET
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Eric Taylor
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: PF
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Paul Flint
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: MW
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mark Wotawa
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: PB
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Peggy Blenden
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: MN
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mike North
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: JS
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Jim Sedinger
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NB
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mike North and Peggy Blenden
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NR
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mike North and Austin Reed
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: NW
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mike North and David Ward
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: WB
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: David Ward and Peggy Blenden
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: WN
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mark Wotawa and Mike North
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: WR
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: David Ward and Austin Reed
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: TideHt
Attribute_Definition:
Tide height (feet) recorded from the study area tide gauge. Blank cells indicate that the tide height was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.9
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Feet
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: TideStatus
Attribute_Definition:
Tide flow at the time when the undisturbed waterfowl behavior was observed. Blank cells indicate that the tide status was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: ME
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mid-ebb tide (out-flowing tide).
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: H
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
High tide. Tide 3/4 or higher; eelgrass flooded and foraging conditions limited.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: MF
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mid flood tide (in-flowing tide).
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: L
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Low tide. Tide 1/4 or lower; eelgrass, sand/mud bars, and channels exposed, optimal foraging conditions.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: LF
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Low flood tide (in-flowing tide).
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: E
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Ebb tide (out-flowing tide).
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: F
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Flood tide (in-flowing tide).
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: S
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Slack tide. Tide between high and low tide.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: HE
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: High ebb tide (out-flowing tide).
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: LS
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Low slack tide. Tide between high and low tide, but the tide is begining out-flow.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Species
Attribute_Definition:
The waterfowl species observed in the flock. Blank cells indicate that the species in the flock was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: B
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Brant Geese
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: C
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Cackling Geese
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: E
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Emperor Geese
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: FlockSize
Attribute_Definition: Estimated size of flock.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 2
Range_Domain_Maximum: 9000
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Feed
Attribute_Definition: Number of birds in the flock feeding.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 599
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: HeadDown
Attribute_Definition:
Number of feeding birds in the flock with their heads down actively feeding. Blank cells indicate that the number of geese with their heads down was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 315
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: HeadUp
Attribute_Definition:
Number of feeding birds in the flock with their heads up and processing food. Blank cells indicate that the number of geese with their heads up was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 316
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: TippingUp
Attribute_Definition:
Number of feeding birds in the flock tipping up to feed; only recorded in 1987. Blank cells indicate that the number of geese tipping up was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 98
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Rest
Attribute_Definition: Number of birds in the flock resting.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 394
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Maintenance
Attribute_Definition: Number of birds in the flock preening or stretching.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 144
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Swim
Attribute_Definition: Number of birds in the flock swimming.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 289
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Walk
Attribute_Definition:
Number of birds in the flock walking. Blank cells indicate that the number of geese walking was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 18
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Alert
Attribute_Definition:
Number of birds in the flock that are alert with their heads up and looking around.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 70
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Aggression
Attribute_Definition: Number of birds in the flock displaying an aggressive behavior.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 24
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Fly
Attribute_Definition:
Number of birds in the flock that flew; only recorded in 1987. Blank cells indicate that the number of flying geese in a flock was not recorded.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 21
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Count
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Resource_Description:
The U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center is the authoritative source and distributor of these data.
Distribution_Liability:
Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes or on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: CSV, PDF
Format_Information_Content:
Data are distributed in a Zip package containing data in CSV format and FGDC metadata in XML and HTML formats. The raw data in PDF format are available for download upon request.
File_Decompression_Technique:
Compression applied by the 7-Zip utility using the default compression level [5]. The Zip package can be decompressed and unpacked by open source or commercially available unzip tools.
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9B98AK4
Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20221209
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name:
FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM)
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
Generated by mp version 2.9.52 on Fri Dec 9 16:33:05 2022