GPS Location Data from Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) Instrumented on Land, Western Hudson Bay, Canada, 2019-2022

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Pagano, Anthony M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2176-0909)
Originator: Rode, Karyn D. (ORCID: 0000-0002-3328-8202)
Originator: Lunn, Nicholas J. (ORCID: 0000-0003-0189-5494)
Originator: McGeachy, David (ORCID: 0000-0003-1958-5363)
Originator: Robbins, Charles T. (ORCID: 0000-0003-1207-7745)
Publication_Date: 20231208
Title:

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Series_Information:

Series_Name:

Metabolic Rate, Body Composition, Diet, Behavior, Blood Chemistry, Tri-axial Accelerometer, and GPS Locations of Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) on Land, Western Hudson Bay, Canada, 2019-2022

Issue_Identification: ver 2.0, January 2024

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested citation: Pagano, A.M., Rode, K.D., Lunn, N.J., McGeachy, D., Robbins, C.T., 2023. Metabolic rate, body composition, diet, behavior, blood chemistry, tri-axial accelerometer, and GPS locations of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) on land, Western Hudson Bay, Canada, 2019-2022 (ver 2.0, January 2024): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9A7ITFH

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9A7ITFH
Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
Publication_Date: 1984
Title:

Response of Polar Bear Populations to a Rapidly Diminishing Sea Ice Environment

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: website
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Alaska Science Portal
Issue_Identification: 16

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Anchorage, Alaska
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Other_Citation_Details:

This is a link to the broader USGS Alaska Science Center research project supported by these data. Users will find a description of the research project and links to associated reports, publications, and data products.

Online_Linkage: https://alaska.usgs.gov/portal/project.php?project_id=16

Description:

Abstract:

This dataset is one table with GPS locations collected by satellite-linked GPS receivers on collars (Vertex Plus collar with camera option, Vectronic Aerospace GmbH, Berlin, Germany) attached to 20 polar bears that were instrumented on land near Churchill, Manitoba, Canada for 19 - 23 days in 2019, 2021, and 2022.

Purpose:

These data were collected to gain insights into the field metabolic rate, diet, behavior, movement, and body composition of polar bears on land.

Supplemental_Information:

Over three years, we captured 20 polar bears (adult and subadult) near Churchill Manitoba, during the months of August and September (2019 n=2; 2021 n=9; 2022 n=9). Bears were fitted with collars which recorded video, GPS location, and tri-axial acceleration. Additionally, we measured field metabolic rate and changes in body composition. Each bear was captured two times approximately 21 days apart. For technical and logistic reasons, not all data were collected for each bear. This data package is in four tables. Each table has a bear id column connecting data from the four datasets.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20190826
Ending_Date: 20220921

Currentness_Reference: observed

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Western Hudson Bay
Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -95.019
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.419
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 60.199
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 57.402

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:ASC575

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: Biota
Theme_Keyword: Environment

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NASA GCMD Earth Science Keyword Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Animals/Vertebrates
Theme_Keyword: Mammals
Theme_Keyword: Carnivores
Theme_Keyword: Bears
Theme_Keyword: Species Life History
Theme_Keyword: Use/Feeding habitat

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Biocomplexity Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Animals
Theme_Keyword: Marine mammals
Theme_Keyword: Metabolism
Theme_Keyword: Bioenergetics

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife
Theme_Keyword: Coastal ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Marine ecosystems
Theme_Keyword: Animal behavior
Theme_Keyword: Biogeography

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Polar bear
Theme_Keyword: Ursus maritimus

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: NGA GEOnet Names Server
Place_Keyword: Canada
Place_Keyword: Hudson Bay

Taxonomy:

Keywords/Taxon:

Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Taxonomic_Keywords: Animals
Taxonomic_Keywords: Mammals
Taxonomic_Keywords: Vertebrates
Taxonomic_Keywords: Bears
Taxonomic_Keywords: Polar bears

Taxonomic_System:

Classification_System/Authority:

Classification_System_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: ITIS Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: online database
Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: ITIS-North America

Other_Citation_Details:

Taxonomic details retrieved December 8, 2023 from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System online database: https://www.itis.gov

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK

Taxonomic_Procedures:

Species identification was made by skilled observers in the field based on general appearance. Polar bears are not easily confused with other species.

Taxonomic_Completeness:

Taxonomy is complete for all samples. No voucher specimens were collected.

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bilateria
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Deuterostomia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gnathostomata
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Superclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tetrapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Mammalia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Theria
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Eutheria
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Carnivora
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Suborder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Caniformia
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursidae
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursus
Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ursus maritimus
Applicable_Common_Name: Polar bear
Applicable_Common_Name: TSN: 180542

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

It is requested that the Suggested Citation for this USGS data release be included in any publications that reference or utilize these data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Pagano, A.M.
Originator: Rode, K.D.
Originator: Lunn, N.J.
Originator: McGeachy, D.
Originator: Atkinson, S.N.
Originator: Farley, S.D.
Originator: Erlenbach, J.A.
Originator: Robbins, C.T.
Publication_Date: 2024
Title:

Polar Bear Energetic and Behavioral Strategies on Land With Implications for Surviving the Ice-Free Period

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Nature Communications
Issue_Identification: 15:947

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: Springer Nature

Other_Citation_Details:

Pagano, A.M., Rode, K.D., Lunn, N.J., McGeachy, D., Atkinson, S.N., Farley, S.D., Erlenbach, J.A., Robbins, C.T., in prep. Polar bear energetic and behavioral strategies on land with implications for surviving the ice-free period. Nature Communications 15:947. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44682-1

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44682-1

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Transmitter locations were determined by the processing of the global positioning system onboard the transmitter with accuracy of within 30 m.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Attribute values fall within expected ranges.
Completeness_Report: No data were omitted and there are no missing data.
Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Transmitter locations were determined by the processing of the global positioning system onboard the transmitter with accuracy of within 30 m.

Lineage:

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:

Polar bears were captured by injecting them with immobilizing drugs using a combination of tiletamine HCl and zolazepam HCl (Zoletil) through projectile syringes fired from a helicopter.

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:

Collar receivers recorded global positioning system location fixes every 5 minutes and stored locations into internal memory before being uploaded upon collar recovery.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Tomkiewicz, S.
Originator: Fuller, M.R.
Originator: Kie, J.G.
Originator: Bates, K.K.
Publication_Date: 2010
Title:

Global Positioning System and Associated Technologies in Animal Behaviour and Ecological Research

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
Issue_Identification: 365:2163-2176

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Other_Citation_Details:

Tomkiewicz, S., Fuller, M.R., Kie, J.G., Bates, K.K., 2010. Global positioning system and associated technologies in animal behaviour and ecological research. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 365:2163-2176 doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0090

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0090

Type_of_Source_Media: publication
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2010

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Tomkiewicz et al. 2010
Source_Contribution: Describes details of GPS data.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Pagano, A.M.
Originator: Durner, G.M.
Originator: Rode, K.D.
Originator: Atwood, T.C.
Originator: Atkinson, S.N.
Originator: Peacock, E.
Originator: Costa, D.P.
Originator: Owen, M.A.
Originator: Williams, T.M.
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:

High-Energy, High-Fat Lifestyle Challenges an Arctic Apex Predator, the Polar Bear

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:

Series_Name: Science
Issue_Identification: 359:568-572

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: online
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Other_Citation_Details:

Pagano, A.M., Durner, G.M., Rode, K.D., Atwood, T.C., Atkinson, S.N., Peacock, E., Costa, D.P., Owen, M.A., Williams, T.M., 2018. High-energy, high-fat lifestyle challenges an Arctic apex predator, the polar bear. Science 359:568-572 doi:10.1126/science.aan8677

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan8677

Type_of_Source_Media: publication
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2018

Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Pagano et al. 2018
Source_Contribution: Describes details of determining behavior from video collars.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

We collected GPS satellite telemetry locations from 20 polar bears in 2019, 2021, and 2022.

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Western Hudson Bay
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.0000001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.0000001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Ellipsoid_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: polarBear_GPSLocation_westHudsonBay_2019-2022.csv
Entity_Type_Definition:

GPS locations of 20 polar bears on land near Churchill, Manitoba, Canada in 2019, 2021, and 2022. Presented in a Comma Separated Value (CSV) formatted table.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Author defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Bear
Attribute_Definition:

A unique identifier assigned to each bear in this dataset. Corresponds to the "Bear" attribute in the other table included with this data package.

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: X17517
Range_Domain_Maximum: X33991

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Datetime
Attribute_Definition:

The date time (YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss) of the GPS location in Universal Coordinated Time (UTC).

Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 2019-08-26 20:20:11
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2022-09-21 17:55:10
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Date and time (YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss; UTC)

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Latitude
Attribute_Definition: The latitude measurement from a satellite-linked GPS receiver.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 57.4016355
Range_Domain_Maximum: 60.2013794
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees (WGS84)

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Longitude
Attribute_Definition: The longitude measurement from a satellite-linked GPS receiver.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Author defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -95.0175300
Range_Domain_Maximum: -92.4194041
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Decimal degrees (WGS84)

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 4210 University Drive
City: Anchorage
State_or_Province: Alaska
Postal_Code: 99508
Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-7000
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ascweb@usgs.gov

Resource_Description:

The U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center is the authoritative source and distributor of these data.

Distribution_Liability:

Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes or on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: CSV
Format_Information_Content:

Data are distributed in a Zip package containing data in CSV format and FGDC metadata in XML and HTML formats.

File_Decompression_Technique:

Compression applied by the 7-Zip utility using the default compression level [5]. The Zip package can be decompressed and unpacked by open source or commercially available unzip tools.

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9A7ITFH

Fees: None

GPS Location Data from Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) Instrumented on Land, Western Hudson Bay, Canada, 2019-2022

Metadata: